Selenium affects protein accumulation and its distribution in different protein fractions in developing wheat grains
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ORIGINAL PAPER
Selenium affects protein accumulation and its distribution in different protein fractions in developing wheat grains Manpreet Kaur1 · Sucheta Sharma1 Received: 22 April 2020 / Accepted: 7 September 2020 © Akadémiai Kiadó Zrt. 2020
Abstract The present study reveals the effect of selenium (Se) on different storage proteins accumulation and protein-bound Se in developing wheat grains. A greenhouse experiment was conducted on wheat grown in alkaline sandy loam soil treated with selenate-Se and selenite-Se ranging from 0 to 4 mg kg−1. Selenium content increased significantly in various Se-treated plant tissues as compared to control at maturity. Total soluble proteins and different protein fractions, viz. albumin, globulins, prolamins and glutelins, decreased significantly in Se-treated wheat grains as compared to control. The amount of Se with reference to protein fraction was highest in the glutelin fraction, followed by prolamin, albumin and globulins. Electrophoretic analysis followed by densitometry revealed variations in the presence of polypeptide bands in different protein fractions at maturity. Fourier transform infra red spectra analysis revealed more flexibility and unfolding of structures with higher selenite dosage. The excess binding of Se to protein or amino acid may replace sulfhydryl groups of proteins, thus causing deleterious effects on normal protein form. However, higher concentration of protein-bound Se can be exploited for the fortification of Se-deficient foods in preparation of Se-enriched diets and various health supplements for populations deficient in Se. Keywords Protein-bound Se · Protein fraction · Selenium · Wheat
Introduction Selenium, a metalloid, is an important micronutrient for humans, animals and micro-organisms. It is an important component of more than 30 different selenoproteins and selenoenzymes such as glutathione reductase, thioredoxin reductase, selenoprotein P, selenoprotein W, etc., in mammals (Yang et al. 2017). Selenium plays an important role in reducing the risk of number of diseases such as cancer, oxidative stress-related disorders and reduced fertility (Zwolak 2020). The narrow margins between toxic and beneficial levels of Se have important health implications in humans, and it depends upon the elemental form of Se (Reis et al. 2017). Communicated by M. Taylor. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (https://doi.org/10.1007/s42976-020-00083-4) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users. * Sucheta Sharma [email protected] 1
Department of Biochemistry, Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana, India
The toxicological profiles of Se depend upon its chemical forms and also varies within different animal species (Miller and Hontela 2011). Plants are the main source of Se in the diets of humans. The Se content of foods varies and depends upon number of factors, namely genotype, chemical form of Se, which are absorbed and metabolized differentially, and their content in soils t
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