Proteomic-Based Approaches for the Study of Ischemic Stroke
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LETTER TO THE EDITOR
Proteomic-Based Approaches for the Study of Ischemic Stroke Haiying Li 1 & Wanchun You 1 & Xiang Li 1 & Haitao Shen 1 & Gang Chen 1 Received: 25 June 2019 / Revised: 25 June 2019 / Accepted: 27 June 2019 # Springer Science+Business Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature 2019
Ischemic stroke is the most common type of stroke. Despite the fact that there have been extensive efforts for establishing accurate diagnose and efficient therapy, ischemic stroke continues to be one of the main causes of death worldwide [1, 2]. Currently, genomics provides information about what the body “can do,” transcriptomics provides information about what the cell “will do,” while proteomics tells us “what is happening.” Proteomics complements genomics and transcriptomics and provides information about the implementation of proteins as the main functional mediators of cells, such as their post-translational modification and their interactions with other biological molecules [3]. In the last years, studies focusing on genomics and transcriptomics aimed to discover new diagnostic or prognostic evidence for ischemic stroke [4]. However, the state of brain cells after ischemic stroke is most directly related to protein function, which is also the target of most drug intervention. Therefore, investigations at the protein level are favorable for the in-depth description of neuronal injury after ischemic stroke. Innovative high-throughput proteomics techniques can help us accurately evaluate the degree of neuronal injury after ischemia, study the mechanism of drug action, and explore the role of key proteins in neuronal injury. Using these emerging proteomics techniques, diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers for ischemic stroke may be identified. For years, mass spectrometry (MS)-based proteomics has enabled us to obtain large profiling datasets with very high precision. Here, the recent advances in proteomic researches in ischemic stroke are outlined.
Haiying Li and Wanchun You contributed equally to this work. * Gang Chen [email protected] 1
Department of Neurosurgery & Brain and Nerve Research Laboratory, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, 188 Shizi Street, Suzhou 215006, Jiangsu Province, China
Studies Performed in Human Brain Tissue/Cerebrospinal Fluid/Plasma Aiming at identifying potential biomarkers of ischemia, twodimensional gel electrophoresis (2DE) and MS were employed to analyze the differences between post-mortem cerebrospinal fluid samples and cerebrospinal fluid from healthy subjects [5]. H-FABP was identified as a potential biomarker for ischemic stroke. Compared with plasma samples healthy controls (n = 21), the differential expression of apolipoprotein CI, apolipoprotein CIII, serum amyloid A, and antithrombin-III fragment were detected by onedimensional electrophoresis coupled MS [6]. Using enzymelinked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), apolipoprotein CI and apolipoprotein CIII were further considered to be as potential plasmatic markers to distinguish between ischemic and hemorrhagi
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