Psychological Co-morbidities of Physical Illness A Behavioral Medici
The scenario is all too common, patients presenting with medical conditions who have co-occurring psychological disorders, and vice versa. Clinical challenges include poor treatment outcome, low adherence, and impaired quality of life. Yet as a common cli
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Sherry Pagoto Editor
Psychological Co-morbidities of Physical Illness A Behavioral Medicine Perspective
Editor Sherry Pagoto Department of Medicine Division of Preventive and Behavioral Medicine University of Massachusetts Medical School Worcester, MA, USA [email protected]
ISBN 978-1-4419-0030-2 e-ISBN 978-1-4419-0029-6 DOI 10.1007/978-1-4419-0029-6 Springer New York Dordrecht Heidelberg London Library of Congress Control Number: 2011936222 © Springer Science+Business Media, LLC 2011 All rights reserved. This work may not be translated or copied in whole or in part without the written permission of the publisher (Springer Science+Business Media, LLC, 233 Spring Street, New York, NY 10013, USA), except for brief excerpts in connection with reviews or scholarly analysis. Use in connection with any form of information storage and retrieval, electronic adaptation, computer software, or by similar or dissimilar methodology now known or hereafter developed is forbidden. The use in this publication of trade names, trademarks, service marks, and similar terms, even if they are not identified as such, is not to be taken as an expression of opinion as to whether or not they are subject to proprietary rights. While the advice and information in this book are believed to be true and accurate at the date of going to press, neither the authors nor the editors nor the publisher can accept any legal responsibility for any errors or omissions that may be made. The publisher makes no warranty, express or implied, with respect to the material contained herein. Printed on acid-free paper Springer is part of Springer Science+Business Media (www.springer.com)
Preface
Individuals with psychological disorders are disproportionately affected by chronic disease, which presents a significant health disparity that is underrecognized and underaddressed. Physical and psychological illnesses co-occur more often than not in clinical populations, and this co-occurrence is associated with greater impairment, lower adherence, poor treatment response, lower quality of life, increased healthcare costs, and higher mortality rates. This book is the first comprehensive resource regarding psychological co-morbidities of physical illness. It serves as both a handbook for clinicians who care for patients with co-morbidities as well as a call for research that increases our understanding of the connection between physical and psychological illness, with the ultimate goal of improving the health of people with psychological disorders. A constellation of behavioral, pharmacological, and physiological factors play a role in the increased risk for disease among individuals with psychological disorders. Behavioral factors include higher rates of smoking, obesity, and unhealthy behaviors. Psychopharmacology has also been implicated given that many drugs promote weight gain and metabolic syndrome. Physiological processes of psychological distress, including hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis dysfunction, inflammation, and autonomic dysfunction, can a
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