Psychological Distress Among HIV Healthcare Providers During the COVID-19 Pandemic in China: Mediating Roles of Institut
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ORIGINAL PAPER
Psychological Distress Among HIV Healthcare Providers During the COVID‑19 Pandemic in China: Mediating Roles of Institutional Support and Resilience Cheuk Chi Tam1 · Shufang Sun2,3 · Xueying Yang1 · Xiaoming Li1 · Yuejiao Zhou4 · Zhiyong Shen4 Accepted: 14 October 2020 © Springer Science+Business Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature 2020
Abstract Psychological distress among healthcare providers is concerning during COVID-19 pandemic due to extreme stress at healthcare facilities, including HIV clinics in China. The socioecological model suggests that psychological distress could be influenced by multi-level factors. However, limited COVID-19 research examined the mechanisms of psychological distress among HIV healthcare providers. This study examined organizational and intrapersonal factors contributing to psychological health during COVID-19 pandemic. Data were collected via online anonymous surveys from 1029 HIV healthcare providers in Guangxi, China during April–May 2020. Path analysis was utilized to test a mediation model among COVID-19 stressors, institutional support, resilience, and psychological distress (PHQ-4). Thirty-eight percent of the providers experienced psychological distress (PHQ-4 score > 3). Institutional support and resilience mediated the relationship between COVID-19 stressors and psychological distress. Psychological distress was common among Chinese HIV healthcare providers during COVID-19 pandemic. Psychological health intervention should attend to institutional support and resilience. Keywords COVID-19 · HIV · Healthcare providers · Psychological distress · Institutional support · Resilience
Introduction Psychological Distress Among Healthcare Providers During the COVID‑19 Pandemic Since the first case emerged in December 2019 in China, the novel coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has spread rapidly across the world and become a worldwide public * Cheuk Chi Tam [email protected] 1
South Carolina SmartState Center for Healthcare Quality, Department of Health Promotion, Education, and Behavior, Arnold School of Public Health, University of South Carolina, Discovery I, Suite 408, 915 Greene Street, Columbia, SC 29208, USA
2
Department of Behavioral and Social Science, Brown University School of Public Health, Providence, RI, USA
3
Department of Psychiatry and Human Behavior, Brown University Alpert Medical School, Providence, RI, USA
4
Guangxi Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Nanning, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, People’s Republic of China
health emergency [1]. The COVID-19 pandemic has led to numerous detrimental consequences, including fatalities and significant socio-economic impacts (e.g., significant medical costs, increased unemployment and financial stress) [2, 3]. In addition to medical and economic consequences, growing literature suggests prevalent psychological distress (e.g., depression and anxiety) during the COVID-19 pandemic [4–6]. Healthcare providers may be particularly vulnerable to psychological distress due to a var
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