Public Expenditure

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ALDINE TREATISES IN MODERN ECONOMICS edited by Harry G. Johnson University of Chicago and London School of Economics

PUBLIC EXPENDITURE Jesse Burkhead I Jerry Miner Syracuse University

Palgrave Macmillan

ABOUT THE AUTHORS JESSE BURKHEAD is Maxwell Professor of Economics at Syracuse University. Educated at the University of Wisconsin and Harvard University, he has taught at Lehigh University as well as at Syracuse. Professor Burkhead has served on numerous professional and advisory boards. His books include Government Budgeting, State and Local Taxes for Public Education, and Public School Finance - Economics and Politics. He is coauthor of River Basin Administration and the Delaware, Decisions in Syracuse, and Inputs and Outputs in Large City Education. JERRY MINER, Professor of Economics at Syracuse University, received his Ph.D. in Economics from the University of Michigan. He has been Senior Research Economist for UNESCO in Paris, and an Assistant Study Director of the Survey Research Center at the University of Michigan. The author of Social and Economic Factors in Spending for Public Education, Professor Miner has contributed widely to the literature of economics.

ISBN 978-1-349-01372-2 (eBook) ISBN 978-1-349-01374-6 DOI 10.1007/978-1-349-01372-2 Copyright

© 1971 by Jesse Burkhead and Jerry Miner

Softcover reprint of the hardcover 1St edition 1971 978-0-333-13266-1 All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced or transmitted, in any form or by any means, without permission. First published 1971 by Aldine • Atherton, Inc. First published in Great Britain 1971 Published by THE

MACMILLAN PRESS LTD

London and Basingstoke Associated companies in New rork Toronto Dublin Melbourne Johannesburg and Madras

SBN 333 13266 1

Foreword

The purpose of the Aldine Treatises in Modern Economics is to enable authorities in a particular field of economics, and experts on a particular problem, to make their knowledge available to others in the form they find easiest and most convenient. Our intention is to free them from an insistence on complete coverage of a conventionally defined subject, which deters many leading economists from writing a book instead of a series of articles or induces them to suppress originality for the sake of orthodoxy, and from an obligation to produce a standard number of pages, which encourages the submergence of judgment of relevance in a pudding of irrelevant detail. The Aldine Treatises seek to encourage good economists to say what they want to say to their fellow economists, in as little or as much space as they consider necessary to the purpose. The present volume treats of the economics of public expenditure. This is a relatively new and rapidly growing field of economic analysis and policy. Economics in the past has tended to concentrate on the economics of taxation, on the assumption that the scope of the objects of public expenditure is given by nature or society and the main problem is to allocate the tax burden equitably and with minimum loss of economic ef