A bunch of refits: 497D blade knapping assemblage of the Early Upper Paleolithic in Cova Gran (Northeast Iberia)

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ORIGINAL PAPER

A bunch of refits: 497D blade knapping assemblage of the Early Upper Paleolithic in Cova Gran (Northeast Iberia) Jorge Martínez-Moreno 1 & Rafael Mora Torcal 1 Javier Sánchez-Martínez 1

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Alfonso Benito-Calvo 2

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Miquel Roy Sunyer 1

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Received: 1 July 2018 / Accepted: 24 September 2018 # Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature 2018

Abstract Laminar knapping is a system of methods through which a recurrent series of elongated and morphometrically repetitive blanks are obtained. The appearance of this method is associated with cognitive changes that foster different paleoanthropological discussions. This article assesses the implications of the 497D lithic assemblage of Cova Gran (Northeast Pre-Pyrenees, Iberia), whose technical principles place it within the laminar knapping sphere in which the production of blades, bladelets, and flakes are interspersed. Refitting dynamic approach allows establishing physical connections, reflecting volumetric reduction integrate sequences of sequential blanks organized by the principle of technical predetermination. Techno-typological, contextual, and chronometric attributes enable the integration of 497D within an initial phase of the Upper Paleolithic. This is an important point; although laminar knapping is widely dispersed in space and time, it marks the emergence of anatomically modern Homo sapiens associated with the Aurignacian (sensu lato), a tradition marking the beginning of the Upper Paleolithic. This concept has been challenged by the proposal that the Châtelperronian laminar technocomplex was made by Homo neanderthalensis. These opposing positions fostered the Middle-Upper Paleolithic Btransition^ debate. Technical traits identified through refitting facilitate examination of similarities and differences between 497D and the Proto/Early Aurignacian and Châtelperronian. Observations arising from refitting in 497D influence characterization of the knapping method and its possible correlation with one of these Early Upper Paleolithic technocomplexes. These inferences broaden the goals usually associated with blade knapping, and encourage reconsideration of the classical definition of the laminar system. Keywords 497D . Blade knapping . Refit . Morphological blank diversity . Early Upper Paleolithic . Cova Gran

Dealing with blades: Evolutionary perspectives and debates on blade technology The concept of blade technology encompasses a panoply of knapping methods to produce a series of morphometrically standardized blanks. Blades and bladelets are iconic artifacts Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (https://doi.org/10.1007/s12520-018-0726-3) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users. * Jorge Martínez-Moreno [email protected] 1

Centre d’Estudis del Patrimoni Arqueològic de la Prehistoria (CEPAP), Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain

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Centro Nacional de la Evolucion Humana (CENIEH), Burgos, Spain

in the definition of technical and technological organi