A model to obtain timing solution with un-differenced observations suitable for single-station/multi-station, a case stu
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A model to obtain timing solution with un‑differenced observations suitable for single‑station/multi‑station, a case study of BDS data Pengfei Zhang1,2,3 · Rui Tu1,2,3 · Rui Zhang1,3 · Junqiang Han1,3 · Lihong Fan1,3 Received: 9 December 2019 / Accepted: 8 May 2020 © Akadémiai Kiadó 2020
Abstract This study proposes a model for a BeiDou Satellite Navigation System (BDS) precise timing solution with un-differenced carrier phase observations, and it is suitable for both single-station and multi-station. With this model, not only can users employ highprecision carrier phase observations to improve the uncertainty of the timing service for single station, but they can also directly use the un-differenced model and augmentation correction which collected from the reference stations to get the timing service, which is more efficient than the traditional single-differenced model for multi-stations. The validation showed that the carrier phase observations can improve the uncertainty from 0.49 to 0.10 ns, and the mean stability improved 70 times. In addition, whether for the singlestation and multi-station solution or for the single-differenced model and un-differenced model, the final uncertainty and stability were nearly the same, thus it allows for the realisation of a seamless timing solution for the single-station model and multi-station model. Keywords BeiDou Satellite Navigation System · Un-differenced observations · Precise timing service · Solution model
* Rui Tu [email protected] Pengfei Zhang [email protected] Rui Zhang [email protected] Junqiang Han [email protected] Lihong Fan [email protected] 1
National Time Service Center, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shu Yuan Road, Xi’an 710600, China
2
University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Yu Quan Road, Beijing 100049, China
3
Key Laboratory of Precision Navigation Positioning and Timing Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xi’an 710600, China
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Vol.:(0123456789)
Acta Geodaetica et Geophysica
1 Introduction Precise time information is an important foundation for many military procedures, and it is also a necessary condition for numerous civilian applications such as those used in the electric power, banking, and communication industries (https://www.gps.gov/applications/ timing/). The Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) timing service offers the characteristics of portability and low cost compared with other tools such as Two-Way Satellite Time and Frequency Transfer (TWSTFT), BPM/BPL (ground-based radio stations that broadcast short-wave and long-wave time signals, respectively), and optical fiber (OP) techniques (Jiang and Lewandowski 2012; Jiang et al. 2015). The GNSS timing service can be operated so that users can directly get the time difference between the user’s local time and the GNSS system time, and thus, by using the time difference monitoring products from the GNSS system and the standard Coordinated Universal Time (UTC), one can get the user’s standard UTC time (Schildknecht et al. 1990). Currently, the u
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