A novel approach for image focus measure
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ORIGINAL PAPER
A novel approach for image focus measure J. Rajevenceltha1
· Vilas H. Gaidhane2
Received: 12 March 2020 / Revised: 16 July 2020 / Accepted: 27 August 2020 © Springer-Verlag London Ltd., part of Springer Nature 2020
Abstract In this paper, a new no-reference image quality assessment (NR-IQA) metric is proposed. This method is based on the probability coefficients and modified entropy. The probability coefficients are used to capture the significant features and represent the important dynamics of an image. Moreover, it is used to quantify the possible loss of naturalness in a distorted image. The proposed approach has been tested on synthetic images with blurring effects and under noisy conditions. It is observed that the proposed focus measure is invariant to contrast and noisy conditions. The effectuality of the proposed approach is tested on various experimentations carried out on real-time images. The performance of proposed focus measure is better as compared to the existing image focus metrics. It also shows a good consistency and a better response under blurring effects and noises at different levels. Moreover, it exhibits a good working range, unimodality and monotonicity properties and hence satisfying the conditions of a good focus measure. Further, the various experiments on image datasets such as LIVE, TID2008 and CSIQ have shown the effectiveness of proposed NR-IQA metric. It is also observed that the presented approach has good correlation with the human opinion score as compared to the existing methods. Keywords Image focus measure · Objective quality assessment · Probability coefficients · Entropy · Mean opinion score · Image database · Correlation coefficients
1 Introduction In the recent years, numerous innovative handheld devices, visual systems and online Web sites have been launched. This has enabled the end users to access high-resolution images conveniently. The convenience of advanced handheld devices has made users to capture, share and upload the high-resolution images from any place at any time. However, the images acquired in real time suffers due to distortions and degradations. Therefore, it is important to develop a new approach to acquire good visual quality images. Traditionally, efforts has been taken to improve the experience by advancing acquisition systems, optimizing
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Vilas H. Gaidhane [email protected] J. Rajevenceltha [email protected]
1
Department of Electrical and Electronics Engineering & APPCAIR, Birla Institute of Technology and Science, Pilani, Dubai campus, Dubai, United Arab Emirates
2
Department of Electrical and Electronics Engineering, Birla Institute of Technology and Science, Pilani, Dubai campus, Dubai, United Arab Emirates
communication networks and adopting the best performing compression techniques [1]. However, the cost of acquisition systems and communication networks is high and also impractical [2]. In the literature, it has been observed that the simple mathematical approaches can be used to measure the quality of image
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