A Review of Fault Features for Inter-turn Short Circuit Fault of PM Motor
With the development of technology in various fields, permanent magnet (PM) motors has been widely used for its simple, efficient, light and small characteristics, and its fault problem has always been concerned by people. Among the faults of PM motors, t
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TSC fault · Fault feature
Introduction
The gradual maturity of the control technology of PM motors has made the application of PM motors greatly developed in various fields. Since PM motors often work in complex environments, the motors are prone to failure during long-term operation. In many kinds of faults of PM motor, the ITSC fault is the most common type [1], and it has the extremely negative influence. When the fault occurs, if the fault is incapable of being detected in time and measures are taken, it will cause other types of faults to occur and eventually lead to serious consequences. Therefore, in order to make sure the motor works normally, and make sure the safe and effective production work is carried out smoothly, it is so urgent to discuss the methods of diagnosis about this ITSC fault. The steps in whole process of fault diagnosis commonly include: first of all, monitor the fault semaphore, then process signals and extract features of the measured signals to obtain the fault features, and finally, the fault features can be directly compared with the threshold set by the fault diagnosis, if the threshold is exceeded, the fault will be alarmed. Certainly, the fault features can also be identified and classified by intelligent algorithms to achieve the purpose of fault diagnosis. c The Editor(s) (if applicable) and The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd. 2021 Y. Jia et al. (Eds.): CISC 2020, LNEE 706, pp. 442–451, 2021. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-15-8458-9_47
A Review
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Sometimes, the fault semaphore that directly measured is inconspicuous, or the fault information and the fault type are not one-to-one correspondence, so the extraction of fault features is indispensable. Above all the steps, it is significant to extract fault features [2]. In recent years, many literatures have proposed many descriptions of fault features of ITSC in PM motor. In order to make these fault features better referred and utilized by scholars, and to bring some convenience for scholars in this research direction, what follows of this paper is the summary and evaluation of fault features.
2 2.1
Fault Features Fault Features Based on Frequency Analysis
(1) Harmonic of Stator Current. Literature [3] shows that when the fault occurs, the stator current will generate harmonics in the motor. The harmonic frequency is: 2k + 1 ff ault = (1 ± )fs , k = 1, 2, 3, .... (1) p Therefore, the harmonic of stator current is regarded as the fault feature, and LDA classifier is applied to gauging the ITSC fault, then fault classification and fault severity judgment are carried out. (2) Second Harmonic of q-axis Current. In literature [4], FFT analysis method of q-axis current is carried out, and the second-order harmonic component is taken as the monitoring object, which is constantly compared with the corresponding value under non-fault conditions. Finally, the online fault diagnosis is achieved. The method of extracting the harmonic component of stator current by FFT analysis method is good at simpl
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