A stably cross-linked ink on filter paper with 1D transport for efficient photothermal water treatment
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A stably cross‑linked ink on filter paper with 1D transport for efficient photothermal water treatment Zhiqiang Wang1,2 · Jingwen Liu1 · Ramy Mohammed3 · Mohamed Elsayed3 · Louis Chow3 · Ming Su1 Received: 20 February 2020 / Accepted: 17 September 2020 © Springer Nature Switzerland AG 2020
Abstract Photothermal water evaporation using natural solar energy has been attracted more attentions due to wide applications such as water purification, sterilization, power generation and energy conservation. This article reports a low-cost and stable material for efficient generation of water vapor as well as saline and pollution water treatment. The hierarchically porous material consisting of nanoporous carbon and microporous paper is prepared by simply depositing and chemically cross-linking colloidal ink onto a filter paper. A stably homogeneous nanocarbon deposition is formed over microfibers in the paper. The nanocarbon particles greatly increase the surface area of pristine paper (from negligible to 12 m2 g−1) and light absorption. The carbon modified paper allows high water evaporation rate of 1.34 kg h−1 m−2 from a nanoporous carbon film, continuous capillary water transport in the micropores of paper, as well as minimal convective loss to bulk water due to 1D low contact area with water. The pore sizes of filter papers on the water evaporation together with the controlling of surface temperature and evaporating rate are also performed. Finally, this water solar evaporation system is applied for desalination and wastewater purifying (including heavy metal ion and organic pollutions). A safe freshwater is obtained after treatment. This study demonstrates the potential application of chemical modification of inked filter paper to achieve high evaporation rate and efficiency by rational design. Graphic abstract A low-cost and stable material for efficient generation of water vapor and wastewater treatment was brought out, which is prepared by simply depositing and cross-linking colloidal ink onto a filter paper. The carbon modified paper allows efficient light absorption, high water evaporation rate from a nanoporous carbon film, continuous capillary water transport in the micropores of paper, as well as minimal energy loss.
Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (https://doi.org/10.1007/s42452-020-03556-7) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users. * Ming Su, [email protected] | 1Department of Chemical Engineering, Northeastern University, 313 Snell Engineering Center, 360 Huntington Avenue, Boston, MA 02115, USA. 2Tianjin Key Laboratory of Water Environment and Resources, Tianjin Normal University, Tianjin 300387, China. 3Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, University of Central Florida, Orlando, FL 32826, USA. SN Applied Sciences
(2020) 2:1796
| https://doi.org/10.1007/s42452-020-03556-7
Vol.:(0123456789)
Research Article
SN Applied Sciences
(2020) 2:1796
| https://doi.org/10.1007/s42452-020-03556-7
Keywords Pollutio
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