A Stochastic Beamforming Algorithm for Wireless Sensor Network with Multiple Relays and Multiple Eavesdroppers
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A Stochastic Beamforming Algorithm for Wireless Sensor Network with Multiple Relays and Multiple Eavesdroppers Zhentao Hu1 · Yong Jin1 · Haijiang Liu1
© Springer Science+Business Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature 2020
Abstract The information security rate of wireless sensor network with multiple eavesdroppers and multiple relays has been a research hotspot in recent years. In the scene of channel state information varies slowly, prior state information of the channel can be used to get beamformer vector which maximize information security under the constrains of power. When the channel state information varies rapidly, above method is unsuitable. To tackle this problem, a stochastic beamforming algorithm is proposed in this paper. It introduces maximum time-varying information security as the objective function and takes the power expectation of the weight vector as the constraint, using variable relaxation techniques and the Charnes–Cooper transform to convert the non-convex optimization into a convex form. Furthermore, performance of proposed method using two kinds of time-varying weight vector, namely complex Gaussian distribution and elliptical distribution, is deeply evaluated. Finally, numerical results are presented to demonstrate the performance of our proposed schemes. Keywords Channel state information · Stochastic beamforming algorithm · Information security rate · Complex Gaussian distribution · Elliptical distribution
1 Introduction Wireless sensor networks (WSNs) are intelligent communication networks composed of a large number of sensors with limited energy [1]. Moreover, since network nodes are usually deployed in complex, dangerous places, it is difficult to maintain them frequently. Thus, excessive energy consumption caused by communicating and computing of the sensor may induce deterioration of performance of WSNs [2]. To alleviate performance degradation of system caused by excessive energy consumption, radio frequency (RF) energy harvesting/ scavenging technique is introduced to harvest energy from RF signals [3]. At present, a technology which can effectively extend the service life of energy-limited device called simultaneous wireless information and power transfer (SWIPT) has been proposed [4]. Different from traditional energy harvesting (EH) technologies, such as solar and * Yong Jin [email protected] 1
School of Computer and Information Engineering, Henan University, Kaifeng, China
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wind, SWIPT provides stable and controllable energy supply to WSNs meanwhile transmitting the necessary information contained in RF signal. For this reason, many relevant studies on SWIPT have been appeared in the recent years [5–7]. Physical (PHY)-layer security is a major concerns in the research related to SWIPT [8]. Since conflicting objectives between feeding sufficient power to the energy receivers (ERs) and preventing the ERs to be eavesdropped, it is baffling to design secure SWIPT system [9, 10]. Secure transmission with help of relay and cooperative b
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