Active barrier chitosan films containing gallic acid based oxygen scavenger
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ORIGINAL PAPER
Active barrier chitosan films containing gallic acid based oxygen scavenger Gaurav Singh1 · Suman Singh2 · Bijender Kumar3 · Kirtiraj K. Gaikwad1 Received: 29 July 2020 / Accepted: 15 September 2020 © Springer Science+Business Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature 2020
Abstract Active oxygen barrier films of chitosan/gallic acid/sodium carbonate (CH/GA/SC) were prepared by solution casting method. The effect of gallic acid on physical, mechanical, structural, and oxygen scavenging properties of films was investigated. As compared with neat CH film, CH/GA/SC films displayed higher thicknesses and water solubility. Tensile strength and elongation at break were affected by the addition of gallic acid and sodium carbonate. The chemical interaction evaluated by Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy and morphology evaluated by scanning electron microscopy, and it is noticed that sodium carbonate and gallic acid were distributed homogeneously in the film structure. The X-ray diffraction confirmed that gallic acid, sodium carbonate, and chitosan had excellent compatibility. The addition of gallic acid in the chitosan matrix caused low water and oxygen permeability. The lowest oxygen transmission rate of the film was 4.10 ± 1.07 cm3/μm/m2 day kpa. The CH/GA/SC 20 film displayed the maximum oxygen-absorbing rate and capacity of 2.66 mL O 2/g. day and 19.55 mL O2/g respectively, at 23 ± 2 °C. Moisture inside the package was utilized as a catalyst to begin the oxygen scavenging reaction. The results suggest that the combination of gallic acid and the sodium carbonate in chitosan film is a promising oxygen scavenging material for active oxygen barrier films. Keywords Chitosan · Film · Oxygen barrier · Gallic acid · Active packaging · Oxygen scavenging film
Introduction In recent years, the acceptance of plastic as packaging materials that deliver better protection to their product, especially in the food and pharmaceutical sector, is speedily growing [1, 2]. The research studies on biodegradable films based on biopolymers have been studied widely for food packaging applications. These bio packaging materials have been known for enhancing environmental sustainability and for * Kirtiraj K. Gaikwad [email protected] 1
Department of Paper Technology, Indian Institute of Technology Roorkee, Roorkee, Uttarakhand 247667, India
2
Department of Food Engineering, Institute of Food Science & Technology, VCSG Uttarakhand University of Horticulture and Forestry, Majri Grant, Dehradun, Uttarakhand 248140, India
3
Creative Research Centre for Nanocellulose Future Composite, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Inha University, 253 Yonghyun‑dong, Incheon 402751, Republic of Korea
important technical properties that are essential to broadly achieve food packaging roles [3–6]. The extensive use of polymeric materials in the packaging applications has encouraged debates about their sufficient ability to slow down and block the water vapours and oxygen diffusion that are the principal reason for
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