Agora, Academy, and the Conduct of Philosophy
Agora, Academy, and the Conduct of Philosophy offers extremely careful and detailed criticisms of some of the most important assumptions scholars have brought to bear in beginning the process of (Platonic) interpretation. It goes on to offer a new way to
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PHILOSOPHICAL STUDIES SERIES Founded by Wilfrid S. Sellars and Keith Lehrer
Editor
KEITH LEHRER, University ofArizona, Tucson Associate Editor
STEWART COHEN, Arizona State University, Tempe Board ofConsulting Editors
LYNNE RUDDER BAKER, University ofMassachusetts at Amherst ALLAN GIBBARD, University ofMichigan DENISE MEYERSON, University of Cape Town RONALD D. MILO, University ofArizona, Tucson FRAN~OIS RECANAn, Ecole Polytechnique, Paris
STUART SILVERS, Clemson University NICHOLAS D. SMITH, Michigan State University
VOLUME 63
DEBRANAILS Mary Washington College, Fredericksburg, V.S.A.
AGORA, ACADEMY, AND THE CONDUCT OF PHILOSOPHY
SPRINGER SCIENCE+BUSINESS MEDIA, B.V.
A c.I.P. Catalogue record for this book is available from the Library of Congress.
ISBN 978-94-010-4068-6 ISBN 978-94-011-0151-6 (eBook) DOI 10.1007/978-94-011-0151-6
Printed an acid-free paper
AH Rights Reserved © 1995 Springer Science+Business Media Dordrecht Originally published by Kluwer Academic Publishers in 1995 Softcover reprint ofthe hardcover Ist edition 1995 No part of the material protected by this copyright notice may be reproduced or utilized in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanica1, inc1uding photocopying, recording or by any information storage and retrieval system, without written permis sion from the copyright owner.
for William Levitan
TABLE OF CONTENTS
PREFACE by Nicholas D. Smith ACKNOWLEDGMENTS LIST OF TABLES LIST OF ABBREVIATIONS PART I:
Xl
xv xvii XVlll
A METAPHILOSOPHICAL TASK
Chapter 1: Introduction
3
Chapter 2: The Socratic Problem
8
The Problem that Won't Go Away The Ancient Texts History of the Modem Controversy Contemporary Approaches to the Socratic Problem An Alternative Approach
Chapter 3: The Platonic Question
32
A Minimalist Beginning Four Living Approaches A Self-Destructive Philosophical Duel The Herculaneum Papyrus: A Thought Experiment The Virtue of the Analytic Approach
PART II:
THE DEVELOPMENTAL HYPOTHESIS
Chapter 4: The Early Middle Late Consensus: How Deep? How Broad? The Developmental Hypothesis What is Meant by 'Consensus'? Who are the Players? Extent of the Consensus
53
VIII
AGORA, ACADEMY, AND PHILOSOPHY
Chapter 5: The Content of the Dialogues
69
General Developmental Considerations Vlastos's Chronology and Theses: Do They Work? Chapter 6: Stylometric Investigations
97
What's at Stake A BriefLook at Stylometric History and Method Ledger's Important Advance From Ledger to Plato's "Middle" Cluster Chapter 7: Thesleffs Philological Undermining of Developmentalism
115
The Positive Program The Attack on Developmentalism Results of Exploring Alternatives to Developmentalism Conclusions of Part II PART III: HAVELOCK'S HYPOTHESIS: PLATO OVERTURNS THE ORAL TRADITION Chapter 8: Socrates Oralist, Plato Textualist
139
Introduction to Part III The Explicit Solution to the Socratic Problem The Implicit Solution to the Socratic Problem Havelock's Account of the Rise ofLiteracy Chapter 9: Literacy in Fifth Century Athens
Methodological Problems The Dispute to b
