Agricultural Biomass Based Potential Materials
Agricultural biomass is abundant worldwide and it can be considered as alternative source of renewable and sustainable materials which can be used as potential materials for different applications. Despite this enormous production of agricultural biomass
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Khalid Rehman Hakeem • Mohammad Jawaid Othman Y. Alothman Editors
Agricultural Biomass Based Potential Materials
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Editors Khalid Rehman Hakeem Faculty of Forestry Universiti Putra Malaysia Selangor Malaysia Mohammad Jawaid Biocomposite Technology Laboratory Institute of Tropical Forestry and Forest Products (INTROP) Universiti Putra Malaysia Selangor Malaysia
Othman Y. Alothman Department of Chemical Engineering College of Engineering King Saud University Riyadh Saudi Arabia
ISBN 978-3-319-13846-6 ISBN 978-3-319-13847-3 (eBook) DOI 10.1007/978-3-319-13847-3 Library of Congress Control Number: 2015934450 Springer Cham Heidelberg New York Dordrecht London © Springer International Publishing Switzerland 2015 This work is subject to copyright. All rights are reserved by the Publisher, whether the whole or part of the material is concerned, specifically the rights of translation, reprinting, reuse of illustrations, recitation, broadcasting, reproduction on microfilms or in any other physical way, and transmission or information storage and retrieval, electronic adaptation, computer software, or by similar or dissimilar methodology now known or hereafter developed. The use of general descriptive names, registered names, trademarks, service marks, etc. in this publication does not imply, even in the absence of a specific statement, that such names are exempt from the relevant protective laws and regulations and therefore free for general use. The publisher, the authors and the editors are safe to assume that the advice and information in this book are believed to be true and accurate at the date of publication. Neither the publisher nor the authors or the editors give a warranty, express or implied, with respect to the material contained herein or for any errors or omissions that may have been made. Printed on acid-free paper Springer International Publishing is part of Springer Science+Business Media (www.springer.com)
Editors are honoured to dedicate this book to the Universiti Putra Malaysia (UPM), the premier institute of higher learning and research.
Preface
Agricultural biomass is abundant worldwide and it can be considered as alternative source of renewable and sustainable materials which can be used as potential materials for different applications. Despite this enormous production of agricultural biomass, only a small fraction of the total biomass is utilized for different applications. Industry must be prepared to take advantage of the situation and utilize the available biomass in the best possible manner. Agricultural biomass such as natural fibres has been successfully investigated as a great potential to be used as a renewable and sustainable materials for the production of composite materials. Natural fibres offer excellent specific properties and have potential as outstanding reinforcing fillers in the matrix and can be used as an alternative material for biocomposites, hybrid composites and pulp and paper industries. Natural fibre based polymer composites made of jute, oil palm, flex
