Ambulatory assessment of language use: Evidence on the temporal stability of Electronically Activated Recorder and strea
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Ambulatory assessment of language use: Evidence on the temporal stability of Electronically Activated Recorder and stream of consciousness data Ljiljana B. Lazarević 1
&
Jovana Bjekić 2 & Marko Živanović 1 & Goran Knežević 1
# The Psychonomic Society, Inc. 2020
Abstract The ambulatory assessment offers a wide range of methods enabling researchers to investigate psychological, behavioral, emotional, and biological processes. These methods enable us to gather data on individual differences in language use for psychological research. Two studies were conducted with an aim to evaluate and compare the temporal stability of language measures extracted by LIWC software form data obtained by two frequently used methods for assessment of language use, i.e., Electronically Activated Recorder (EAR) and stream of consciousness (SOC) task. Additionally, we examined the amount of variance in language use (assessed by both methods) that can be attributed to intra-individual variability and stable individual differences. Study 1 was focused on investigating language use obtained from 74 respondents using the EAR for 3 consecutive days. Study 2 was conducted on 250 respondents participating in a SOC task where verbal production was collected at ten time points over a 2-month period. Results show that measures obtained using the SOC task have higher temporal stability and consistency, and to a certain extent enable better detection of individual differences. Taking into account certain situational variations improves the reliability of EAR measures. Keywords Linguistic Inquiry and Word Count (LIWC) . Electronically Activated Recorder . Stream of consciousness task . Temporal stability . Multilevel random coefficient modeling (MRCM)
Introduction The idea that the words people use can be tapped to assess their mental, social, and physical states has been present since The first and the second author contributed equally to the manuscript and share first authorship. * Ljiljana B. Lazarević [email protected] Jovana Bjekić [email protected] Marko Živanović [email protected] Goran Knežević [email protected] 1
Institute of Psychology and Laboratory for the Research of Individual Differences, Faculty of Philosophy, University of Belgrade, Čika Ljubina 18-20, Belgrade 11000, Serbia
2
Institute for Medical Research, University of Belgrade, Dr. Subotića 4, Belgrade 11000, Serbia
the beginning of psychological science. Today, scholars agree that individual differences in language use reflect important psychological characteristics of the speaker (Hirsh & Peterson, 2009; Mairesse, Walker, Mehl, & Moore, 2007; Pennebaker, Mehl, & Niederhoffer, 2003). Continuous technological advancements enabled the development of novel data collection methods that made everyday language use more accessible to researchers. In this paper, we will address some of the key properties of language data collected using two different procedures: Electronically Activated Recorder (EAR) and stream of consciousness (SOC) task. Specifi
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