An improved water-filling algorithm based on power allocation in network MIMO
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An improved water‑filling algorithm based on power allocation in network MIMO M. K. Noor Shahida1 · Rosdiadee Nordin2 · Mahamod Ismail2
© Springer Science+Business Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature 2020
Abstract Inter-Cell Interference (ICI) could affect the performance of the LTE-Advanced (LTE-A) system and can be evaluated according to the user’s Signal to Interference and Noise Ratio (SINR). Owing to this, the power and frequency allocation schemes can be utilized in order to attain an optimum trade-off within the obtained SINR and the resulting interference. In this study, power allocation was integrated into the Dynamic Fractional Frequency Reuse (DFFR) scheme and Network MIMO (NetMIMO) to reduce ICI and enhance the performance of LTE-A downlink. Moreover, this study focuses on the design and development of a novel power allocation algorithm, which is an extension to the previous Improved Water-Filling algorithm (IWF), namely, Low-Complexity Improved Water-Filling algorithm (LC-IWF). Results indicated a reduction in computations and enhancement in interference rejection performance in comparison to the existing algorithms by removing the Lagrange multiplier and water level. Moreover, simulation results revealed that the proposed algorithm enhances the throughput and fairness of up to 20% and 25%, respectively. Furthermore, the power consumption was reduced by 41% and the running time was 5–10 times faster than the IWF algorithm while attaining the best solution. The proposed power allocation algorithm provided a significant improvement in the performance of the NetMIMO LTE-A system, which can be extended for future 5G networks. Keywords DFFR · FFR · NetMIMO · Power allocation · Low-complexity improved water-filling algorithm (LC-IWF)
1 Introduction NetMIMO has been recognized as a suitable technique to exploit Inter-Cell Interference (ICI). Fundamentally, NetMIMO systems can be utilized for improving sector throughput and cell- edge throughput via multi-cell collaborative precoding, also known as Coordinated Multipoint (CoMP) in 3GPP LTE-A [1, 2], where base stations (BSs) are connected with high-capacity backhaul links and share the data and channel state information (CSI) of its users. Though it
* M. K. Noor Shahida [email protected] 1
Centre for Telecommunication Research and Innovation (CeTRI), Faculty of Electronic and Computer Engineering, Universiti Teknikal Malaysia Melaka, Hang Tuah Jaya, Durian Tunggal, Melaka 76100, Malaysia
Department of Electrical, Electronic and Systems Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and Built Environment, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, 43600 UKM Bangi, Selangor, Malaysia
2
enhances the overall system performances, the aggressive frequency reuse scheme increases the interference produced by user equipments (UEs) via the same radio resources. Given the undesirable influence of ICI on the system performance, which includes cell-edge UEs throughput and network capacity, the employment of interference mitigation methods becomes a requirement for the ne
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