Analysis and modeling of a landslide-induced tsunami-like wave across the Truong river in Quang Nam province, Vietnam
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Do Minh Duc I Dang Quang Khang I Dao Minh Duc I Do Minh Ngoc I Dinh Thi Quynh I Dang Thi Thuy I Nguyen Khac Hoang Giang I Pham Van Tien I Nguyen Huu Ha
Analysis and modeling of a landslide-induced tsunami-like wave across the Truong river in Quang Nam province, Vietnam
Abstract Landslide-induced waves are one of the most disastrous hazards that can post a great threat to human lives and properties. At about 4:00 pm, 5 November 2017, a landslide-induced tsunamilike wave suddenly occurred across the Truong river in Bac Tra My District, Quang Nam province, Vietnam. The water wave destroyed six houses at the opposite bank and caused one person dead and three others injured. This study seeks to investigate the initiation mechanism and process of the landslide and its impulse wave. First, we examined landslide characteristics through site investigations, unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) surveys, and laboratory testing with a series of standard geotechnical tests on collected soil samples. Then, the initiation and motion of the rainfall-induced landslides were reproduced by the integrated landslide simulation model (LS-RAPID). Finally, a combined computer simulation of the landslide motion and its impulse wave was performed by using a landslide-induced tsunami simulation model (LS-Tsunami). In which, output data from the LS-RAPID was used as input parameters for LS-Tsunami. The analysis shows that the rainfall with very high intensity in a short-time period was the triggering factor of the landslide, which is common factor in the study area. The 12-, 24-, and 48-h accumulative precipitation prior to the landslide recorded to 530, 760, and 950 mm, respectively. In addition, the rainfall trigger presented a typical pattern of rainstorm events in a long duration. Simulation results show that the impulse wave was generated by the landslide mass rapidly entering the river, crossing the river, and directly causing the disastrous damage to the resident area opposite site of the fail slope. The landslide moved down at a maximum speed of 16.4 m/s when its body approached the water surface and generated a maximum wave height of 5 m. There is good agreement between the observed geomorphic evidences and water traces on the site and simulation results of the landslide and its impulse wave. The paper provides a good case study on the understanding of the mechanism and dynamic process of the whole event that significantly contribute to potential landslide hazard assessment and future disaster mitigation in the area. Keywords Landslide dynamics . Impulse wave . Heavy rainfall . LS-RAPID . LS-Tsunami Introduction In recent years, landslide-induced tsunami waves are one of natural hazards having stimulated attentions and concerns of researchers (Biscarini 2010; Ataie-Ashtiani and Yavari-Ramshe 2011; Huang et al. 2012, 2016; Glimsdal et al. 2016; Romano et al. 2016; Sassa et al. 2016; Yavari-Ramshe and Ataie-Ashtiani 2016; Gauthier et al. 2018). These kind of water waves are normally generated by large-scale landslides or megaslides rapidly e
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