Analysis of KAP1 expression patterns and human endogenous retrovirus Env proteins in ovarian cancer
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Genes & Genomics https://doi.org/10.1007/s13258-020-00979-9
RESEARCH ARTICLE
Analysis of KAP1 expression patterns and human endogenous retrovirus Env proteins in ovarian cancer Kyung‑Yoon Jeon1 · Eun‑Ji Ko1,8 · Young Lim Oh2 · Hongbae Kim3 · Wan Kyu Eo4 · Ari Kim5 · Han Gyu Sun6 · Mee Sun Ock1 · Ki Hyung Kim7 · Hee‑Jae Cha1 Received: 14 April 2020 / Accepted: 27 July 2020 © The Genetics Society of Korea 2020
Abstract Background Human endogenous retroviruses (HERVs) constitute around 8% of the human genome and have important roles in human health and disease, including cancers. Previous studies showed that HERV envelope (Env) proteins are highly expressed in cancer tissues and co-related with cancer progression. KAP1 has been reported to play a key role in regulating retrotransposons, including HERV-K, through epigenetic silencing. Objective The relationship between KAP-1 and HERV Envs expressions was analyzed only in tumor cell lines and has not yet been studied in cancer tissues. In this study, we analyzed the expression patterns and relationship between KAP1 and HERV Env proteins in ovarian cancer tissues. Method The expression patterns of KAP-1 and HERV Env proteins, including HERV-K and HERV-R, were analyzed in ovarian cancer tissue microarrays that contained 80 surgical specimens, including normal ovary and malignant ovarian cancers. Results The expression of HERV-R Env and KAP1 proteins is significantly higher in ovarian cancer compared with normal ovary tissues. However, the expression of HERV-K Env did not change significantly in cancer tissues. The expression patterns of HERV-K Env and HERV-R Env significantly increased in early stages of cancer and KAP1 expression was higher in certain stage and types of cancers. However, the expression of HERV-K Env, HERV-R Env, and KAP1 did not change in different age groups. The correlation between the expression of KAP1 and HERV-Env, including HERV-K and HERV-R, was not significantly correlated. Conclusions The results of this study showed that there was no significant correlation between the expression of KAP1 and HERV Env proteins in ovarian cancer tissues, unlike studies with cell lines in vitro. These results suggest that the actual expression of HERV Env proteins in ovarian cancer tissues may be regulated through various complex factors as well as KAP1. Keywords HERV-K · HERV-R · Env · KAP1 · ovarian cancer · tissue microarray
Introduction
Kyung-Yoon Jeon and Young Lim Oh contributed equally to this work. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (https://doi.org/10.1007/s13258-020-00979-9) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users. * Ki Hyung Kim [email protected] * Hee‑Jae Cha [email protected] Extended author information available on the last page of the article
Human endogenous retroviruses (HERVs) integrate into the genome of germline cells and are an inherited part of the host genome from millions of years ago. Even though HERVs occupy at least 8% of the human genome, most HERVs are kn
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