Analysis of tear inflammatory molecules and clinical correlations in evaporative dry eye disease caused by meibomian gla
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ORIGINAL PAPER
Analysis of tear inflammatory molecules and clinical correlations in evaporative dry eye disease caused by meibomian gland dysfunction Xingdi Wu Suhong He
. Xiang Chen . Chenqi Luo
. Yajuan Ma . Xueqi Lin . Xuewen Yu . . Wen Xu
Received: 8 February 2020 / Accepted: 20 June 2020 Ó The Author(s) 2020
Abstract Purpose To compare the levels of inflammatory molecules in tear samples between patients with meibomian gland dysfunction (MGD)-related evaporative dry eye (EDE) and healthy subjects and to analyze the correlations between the levels of tear inflammatory molecules and ocular surface parameters. Methods A total of 30 MGD-related EDE patients (48 eyes) and ten healthy volunteers (15 eyes) were enrolled. Dry eye-related examinations and questionnaires were obtained from all participants. The levels of nine inflammatory molecules were determined through multiplex bead analysis. Results Inflammatory molecules including ICAM-1, IFN-c, CXCL8/IL-8, IL-6, TNF-a and IL-12p70 were detected in 100% of the patients, while IL-1a, IL-1b and IL-10 were detected in 56.25%, 13.60% and 45.83% of the patients, respectively. Moreover, X. Wu X. Chen Y. Ma X. Lin X. Yu S. He C. Luo W. Xu (&) Eye Center, Affiliated Second Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, 88 Jiefang Road, Hangzhou 310009, China e-mail: [email protected] Y. Ma Zhejiang Rongjun Hospital, Jiaxing, China S. He Suichang Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Suichang, China
ICAM-1, IL-8, IL-6, TNF-a, IL-12p70 and IFN-c were detected in 86.67–100% of the healthy subjects, and the detection rates of IL-10, IL-1a and IL-1b were below 50%. The levels of IL-8, IL-6, IFN-c and ICAM-1 were significantly higher in the patient group compared with the control group. In addition, IL-8 and IL-6 were negatively correlated with Schirmer I test. Besides, IFN-c was negatively correlated with tear film breakup time. Furthermore, ICAM-1 and IL-6 were positively correlated with meibography score. Conclusions Collectively, patients with MGD-related EDE had higher levels of inflammatory molecules in their tears, and some molecules were correlated with ocular surface parameters. These findings suggested that inflammation played an important role in MGD-related EDE, and several inflammatory molecules could be used in the diagnosis and the treatment of MGD-related EDE. Keywords Dry eye disease Meibomian gland dysfunction Inflammatory molecule Clinical feature
Introduction Dry eye disease (DED) is a most commonly diagnosed eye dysfunction in ophthalmology [1, 2]. It is defined as a multifactorial disease of tears and ocular surface that results in symptoms of discomfort, visual
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disturbance and tear film instability with potential damage to the ocular surface [3, 4]. The DED can mainly be classified into aqueous tear-deficient dry eye (ADDE) and evaporative dry eye (EDE) [5]. Sjo¨gren’s syndrome (SS) is the most typical cause of ADDE, whereas meibomian gland dysfunctio
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