Anatomic features of the cranial aperture of the optic canal in children: a radiologic study
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ORIGINAL ARTICLE
Anatomic features of the cranial aperture of the optic canal in children: a radiologic study Barış Ten1 · Orhan Beger2 · Kaan Esen1 · Saliha Seda Adanır2 · Ebru Cömert Hamzaoğlu3 · Fatih Çiçek4 · Pourya Taghipour5 · Engin Kara1 · Yusuf Vayisoğlu6 · Derya Ümit Talas6 Received: 26 August 2020 / Accepted: 15 October 2020 © Springer-Verlag France SAS, part of Springer Nature 2020
Abstract Objective This study aimed to peruse anatomic features of the cranial aperture of the optic canal (CAOC) for obtaining an extended morphometric dataset in children. Methods Computed tomography images of 200 children were included in this retrospective work to analyze the shape, location and diameters of the CAOC. Results The CAOC area, width and height were observed as 17.53 ± 2.80 mm2, 6.12 ± 0.84 mm, and 4.35 ± 0.64 mm, respectively. The angle of the optic canal in axial plane was found as 39.28 ± 5.13°, while in sagittal plane as 16.01 ± 6.76°. The distance between the CAOC and the midsagittal line was 7.17 ± 1.48 mm. The CAOC was measured as 54.04 ± 5.23 mm and 42.55 ± 3.28 mm away from the anterior and lateral boundary of the anterior skull base, respectively. The CAOC shape was described as the tear-drop (186 foramina, 46.5%), triangular (156 foramina, 39%), oval (47 foramina, 11.8%), and round (11 foramina, 2.8%). Conclusion The depth, angle and diameter measurements belonging to the CAOC were changing according to its shape or demographic data (e.g., sex and age). Therefore, preoperative radiologic evaluation containing the shape, location and size of the CAOC should be considered by multidisciplinary operating teams in terms of surgical interventions such as implant positioning. Keywords Optic canal · Children · Computed tomography · Morphometry
Introduction
* Barış Ten [email protected] 1
Department of Radiology, Faculty of Medicine, Mersin University, Ciftlikkoy Campus, 33343 Mersin, Turkey
2
Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, Gaziantep University, Gaziantep, Turkey
3
Department of Ophthalmology, Mersin City Hospital, Mersin, Turkey
4
Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, Niğde Ömer Halisdemir University, Niğde, Turkey
5
Faculty of Medicine, Mersin University, Mersin, Turkey
6
Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Faculty of Medicine, Mersin University, Mersin, Turkey
The optic canal’s proximal or cranial aperture (CAOC), transmits the ophthalmic artery, sympathetic fibers (around the ophthalmic artery), and optic nerve between the middle cranial base and orbital cavity [26, 41]. Due to traumatic (e.g., fracture) or pathologic lesions (e.g., craniopharyngioma, optic nerve compression, optic nerve meningioma, optic glioma, mucocele, and ophthalmic aneurysm) located around the CAOC, surgeons perform different surgical procedures such as the endoscopic endonasal transsphenoidal approach, pterional approach, subfrontal approach, and supraorbital approach [7, 8, 19, 35, 38, 44, 47]. The sellar region including the CAOC has an extremely complex structure leading to
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