Apricot kernel shells pyrolysis controlled by non-isothermal simultaneous thermal analysis (STA)
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Apricot kernel shells pyrolysis controlled by non‑isothermal simultaneous thermal analysis (STA) Nebojša Manić1 · Bojan Janković2 · Milena Pijović2 · Hadi Waisi2 · Vladimir Dodevski3 · Dragoslava Stojiljković1 · Vladimir Jovanović1 Received: 29 August 2019 / Accepted: 9 January 2020 © Akadémiai Kiadó, Budapest, Hungary 2020
Abstract In order to clarify relationship between apricot kernel shell biomass slow pyrolysis mechanism and its main constituents (viz. hemicelluloses, cellulose and lignin), the reactivity effects of main constituents on pyrolysis characteristics were determined by the non-isothermal simultaneous thermal analysis. It was found that four-step (parallel) reaction model is suitable for studying the slow pyrolysis process, within the semi-global model which excludes the strong interaction between biomass constituents (pseudo-components). The application of the proposed model was allowed by the results obtained from KAS iterative isoconversional (model-free) approach. The valorization of the model was confirmed by the process optimization. The complex (cumulative) apricot kernel shell pyrolysis rate curves at different heating rates are successfully resolved into the individual decomposition rate curves (arising from thermal conversion of hemicelluloses, cellulose, and primary/secondary lignin fragments) by four-parameter Fraser–Suzuki function. Besides hemicelluloses and cellulose pyrolyses, the proposed model distinguishes primary and secondary lignin reactions, which enhance the gaseous products releasing (primarily CO and CO2 gases) and charification of the solid residue (increased the bio-char yield). Keywords Slow pyrolysis · Modeling · Apricot wastes · Fraser–Suzuki deconvolution · Iterative isoconversional method
Introduction The utilization of fossil fuels in recent history takes dominant role in energy production sector, although it is probably the major reason for global warming and climate change due to the emissions of carbon dioxide, sulfur and nitrogen compounds. Furthermore, challenges with non-renewable energy sources are within their amount and distribution due to limited and quickly exploited supplies [1]. Even though at the moment, it is almost impossible to exclude non-renewable * Nebojša Manić [email protected] 1
Fuel and Combustion Laboratory, Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, University of Belgrade, Kraljice Marije 16, P.O. Box 35, 11120 Belgrade, Serbia
2
Department of Physical Chemistry, Institute of Nuclear Sciences “Vinča”, University of Belgrade, Mike Petrovića Alasa 12‑14, P.O. Box 522, 11001 Belgrade, Serbia
3
Laboratory for Materials Sciences, Institute of Nuclear Sciences “Vinča”, University of Belgrade, Mike Petrovića Alasa 12‑14, P.O. Box 522, 11001 Belgrade, Serbia
energy sources, the utilization of renewable sources may decrease the greenhouse gas emissions and reduce the pollution level in any way. Nevertheless, as one of the most available renewable energy source, biomass today accounts for 15% of total energy consumption and regarding i
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