Assessment of oral health status and treatment needs among people of Foklyan area, Dharan, Nepal
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RESEARCH ARTICLE
Assessment of oral health status and treatment needs among people of Foklyan area, Dharan, Nepal A. Singh1* , A. Shrestha2 , T. K. Bhagat2 and D. D. Baral3
Abstract Background: Oral diseases are a major public health problem globally due to high prevalence and significant social impact. Foklyan is a peri urban area with people belonging to indigenous population of low socioeconomic status. This study was conducted to assess the oral health status and treatment needs among the people of Foklyan area, Dharan. Methods: Cross-sectional house to house survey was conducted on 310 randomly selected participants. The participants were stratified into five age groups as per WHO Basic Oral Health Survey Methods 1997 and further categorized by gender. WHO Oral Health Assessment form 1997, WHO oral health assessment questionnaire for adult/children 2013 and questionnaire for oral hygiene practice and cost as a treatment barrier were used. The examinations were done as per WHO standard guidelines. Results: Most of the participants were from low socioeconomic background (71.3%). About 40% of the participants deferred dental visit due to financial burden. Although 99% of the participants brushed their teeth, there was high caries experience (DMFT: 3.18 ± 5.85; dft: 2.40 ± 2.65). Mean sextant score for bleeding was 5.58 in 35–44 years age group and 5.61 in 65–74 years age group. Tobacco consumption was seen in 70.9% of the adults. Prevalence of alcohol consumption was 58.8% among adult age groups. Conclusion: The prevalence of dental caries, periodontal diseases, and prosthetic needs were more compared to national data. There is a need for oral health promotion in this area. Keywords: Sub-urban population, Nepal, Oral diseases, Oral health assessment, WHO oral health survey Background Oral health is a standard of the oral and related tissues which enables an individual to eat, speak, and socialize without active disease, discomfort, or embarrassment and which contributes to general wellbeing [1]. Oral health is a critical but overlooked component of overall health and wellbeing among children and adults. Oral diseases have a significant impact on the health and wellbeing of an individual through pain, morbidity, mortality, *Correspondence: [email protected] 1 Narayani Hospital, Birgunj, Parsa, Nepal Full list of author information is available at the end of the article
and the lost capacity to undertake school, social and economic activities. In Nepal, ever since the commencement of National Oral Health policy in year 2004 A.D. there has been significant amount of dental problems identified but still at present the prevention and treatment of oral diseases is virtually unavailable to the rural and underprivileged population due to various educational, cultural and socioeconomic burdens [2]. The burden of oral disease due to associated pain and discomfort may result in loss of teeth, difficulty in eating, poor diet and consequently affect one’s appearance, self-esteem, and quality of
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