Audiological and otologic manifestations of glutaric aciduria type I
- PDF / 1,152,995 Bytes
- 10 Pages / 595.276 x 790.866 pts Page_size
- 98 Downloads / 161 Views
Open Access
RESEARCH
Audiological and otologic manifestations of glutaric aciduria type I Yen‑Chi Chen1,2†, Chii‑Yuan Huang1,4, Yen‑Ting Lee1, Chia‑Hung Wu6,9,10, Sheng‑Kai Chang5, Hsiu‑Lien Cheng1,7, Po‑Hsiung Chang1, Dau‑Ming Niu5,6* and Yen‑Fu Cheng1,3,4,8*
Abstract Background: Glutaric aciduria type 1 (GA-1) is a rare disease connected with speech delay and neurological deficits. However, the audiological and otologic profiles of GA-1 have not yet been fully characterized. To our knowledge, this is the largest study of comprehensive audiological and otologic evaluation in patients with GA-1 to date. Methods: Thirteen patients diagnosed with GA-1 between January 1994 and December 2019 with audiological, radiological and genetic manifestations were retrospectively analyzed. Hearing tests were performed in all patients. MRI was performed for radiological evaluation. Results: Hearing loss was found in 76.9% (10/13) of GA-1 patients, including slight hearing loss in 46.1% (6/13) of patients, mild hearing loss in 15.4% (2/13) of patients, and moderate hearing loss in 7.7% (1/13) of patients. Normal hearing thresholds were seen in 23% (3/13) of patients. Patients with intensive care unit (ICU) admission history showed significantly worse hearing than those without (29.17 ± 12.47 vs 13.56 ± 3.93 dB HL, 95% CI 2.92–24.70, p = 0.0176). One patient had moderate sensorineural hearing loss and a past history of acute encephalopathic crisis. No usual causative gene mutations associated with hearing loss were found in these patients. MRI showed a normal vestibulocochlear apparatus and cochlear nerve. One patient with extensive injury of the basal ganglia on MRI after acute encephalopathic crisis was found to have moderate sensorineural hearing loss. Two patients with disability scores above 5 were found to have mild to moderate hearing impairment. No obvious correlation between macro‑ cephaly and hearing loss was found. Conclusion: A high prevalence of hearing impairment is found in GA-1 patients. Adequate audiological evaluation is essential for these patients, especially for those after encephalopathic crises or with ICU admission history. Keywords: Glutaric aciduria type 1, Hereditary hearing loss, Syndromic hearing loss Introduction Glutaric aciduria type 1 (GA-1) is a rare autosomal recessive metabolic disease first described in 1975 [1]. The worldwide prevalence of GA-1 is estimated at 1:110,000,
*Correspondence: [email protected]; [email protected] † Yen-Chi Chen is first author 1 Department of Otolaryngology‑Head and Neck Surgery, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan 5 Department of Pediatrics, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan Full list of author information is available at the end of the article
with approximately 500 or more cases reported to date. It is caused by mutations in the glutaryl-CoA dehydrogenase (GCDH) gene mapped to chromosome 19p13.2, which encodes a flavin adenine dinucleotide-dependent mitochondrial matrix protein that is involved in the degradation of
Data Loading...
