Automated Method for the Evaluation of the Dimensional Characteristics of Microstructural Components of Hard Alloys Base
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AUTOMATED METHOD FOR THE EVALUATION OF THE DIMENSIONAL CHARACTERISTICS OF MICROSTRUCTURAL COMPONENTS OF HARD ALLOYS BASED ON TiC–VC–NANO-WC I. V. Koval’,1 Yu. V. Obukh,2, 3 L. H. Bodrova,1 B. P. Rusyn,3 H. M. Kramar,1 and S. Yu. Marynenko1
UDC 004.932.2: 620.186
We develop automated method aimed at the evaluation of the parameters of the annular microstructure of TiC–VC–nano-WC–NiCr hard alloys. The software package is written in the C ++ 98 standard language with the use of cross-platform programming paradigms. For the determination of the bulk fractions of the main structural components of alloys and the sizes of carbide grains, we use the main concepts of stereometric metallography. Keywords: digital processing of images, hard alloys, carbide grains, parameters of microstructure.
In some stages of machining, tungsten-cobalt hard alloys can be replaced by alloys based on titanium carbide. These alloys (doped with other carbides) are characterized by an annular microstructure (core and peripheral layer) of carbide grains. In the process of cutting, the peripheral layers of carbides interact with the treated surface and specify the wear- and heat-resistance of a tool. The alloying nanosized powders of carbides used as the source components of alloys promote the formation of multiphase finely divided structures with improved operating characteristics [1, 2]. There are numerous available packages of applied programs for the quantitative metallographic analysis of microstructures. Thus, the packages DF-PSI, SPEKTR-MET 5.6, Intron-Set, IMAGE-SP, etc. enable one to determine the quantitative characteristics of the microstructural components of materials, perform the statistical analysis of their distribution, and prepare the atlases of digital images and the protocols of investigations [3]. They are suitable for the analysis of one- and two-phase structures with equiaxial and nonequiaxial grains, for the determination of the regulated characteristics of microstructural components, and for the construction of histograms of grain-size distributions. However, in practice, they do not allow us to automatize the process of evaluation of the parameters of multiphase finely divided microstructures with the required accuracy and reliability. For tungsten-cobalt hard alloys, the basic quantitative characteristics of microstructure specified according the standards (including ISO) are the mean size of carbides d WC , the coefficient of their adjacency C , the thickness of cobalt interlayers lCo , and the specific areas of the intergrain SWC–WC and interphase SWC–Co surfaces [4]. The structural parameters of tungsten-free and low-tungsten hard alloys are not regulated by the standards. Thus, in order to create new hard alloys and analyze the influence of phase-structural characteristics on their properties, it is necessary to improve the methods of computer analysis of their metallographic images [5–8]. 1 2 3
Pulyui Ternopil’ National Technical University, Ternopil’, Ukraine. Corresponding author; e-mail: [email protected].
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