Automatic extraction of urban outdoor perception from geolocated free texts
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Automatic extraction of urban outdoor perception from geolocated free texts Frances A. Santos1 · Thiago H. Silva2,3 · Antonio A. F. Loureiro4 · Leandro A. Villas1 Received: 15 May 2020 / Revised: 23 September 2020 / Accepted: 9 October 2020 © Springer-Verlag GmbH Austria, part of Springer Nature 2020
Abstract The automatic extraction of urban perception shared by people on location-based social networks (LBSNs) is an important multidisciplinary research goal. One of the reasons is it facilitates the understanding of the intrinsic characteristics of urban areas in a scalable way, helping to leverage new services. However, content shared on LBSNs is diverse, encompassing several topics, such as politics, sports, culture, religion, and urban perceptions, making the task of content extraction regarding a particular topic very challenging. Considering free-text messages shared on LBSNs, we propose an automatic and generic approach to extract people’s perceptions. For that, our approach explores opinions that are spatiotemporal and semantically similar. We exemplify our approach in the context of urban outdoor areas in Chicago, New York City and London. Studying those areas, we found evidence that LBSN data bring valuable information about urban regions. To analyze and validate our outcomes, we conducted a temporal analysis to measure the results’ robustness over time. We show that our approach can be helpful to better understand urban areas considering different perspectives. We also conducted a comparative analysis based on a public dataset, which contains volunteers’ perceptions regarding urban areas expressed in a controlled experiment. We observe that both results yield a very similar level of agreement. Keywords Perception extraction · Social media · Text mining · Urban outdoor areas · Dictionary creation
1 Introduction Cities are not just a place composed of buildings, streets and people living together, but also a place where people have different experiences. It is known that the visual quality of urban areas and other characteristics, such as crime rate and noise level, can evoke different perceptions about the urban area (Nasar 1990). Places with tourist attractions, for example, can be appreciated by tourists but avoided by residents performing their daily routines. In this direction, studies have shown that urban perception may affect people’s behavior (Ross and Mirowsky 2001; Keizer et al. 2008). In * Frances A. Santos [email protected] Thiago H. Silva [email protected] 1
University of Campinas, Campinas, Brazil
2
Universidade Tecnologica Federal do Parana, Curitiba, Brazil
3
Present Address: University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
4
Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
Sect. 2, we introduce the concept of urban perception and also how it might be important to help us understand the latent aspects of urban areas. Capturing urban perception is not an easy task. One of the challenges is to obtain appropriate data. Field surveys and sensor
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