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Refractory to treatment: 10 case reports In a retrospective analysis of 18 patients treated between November 2016 and October 2019, 10 patients (6 men and 4 women) aged 42–78 years were described, who were refractory to venetoclax along with azacitidine or decitabine treatment for acute myeloid leukaemia (AML) with extramedullary involvement [routes and dosages not stated]. The patients, who had de novo or secondary AML with extramedullary involvement of bone marrow, skin, liver, lymph node, breast, paraspinal mass, central nervous system, bone or gall bladder, started receiving treatment with venetoclax and decitabine (7 patients) and venetoclax and azacitidine (3 patients). Two patients were newly diagnosed with AML and 8 patients were treated for relapsed/refractory disease. These 8 patients had received 1–4 unspecified prior lines of treatment. Two of the 10 patients had previously undergone allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplantation. Four patients were concurrently receiving radiation (2 patients), radiotherapy plus unspecified intrathecal chemotherapy (1 patient) and unspecified intrathecal chemotherapy (1 patient). Venetoclax was given for 14–28 days. Among patients who received decitabine, the first cycle was given as 5-day course in 3 patients and as 10-day course in 4 patients. However, all the 10 patients were refractory to venetoclax and azacitidine treatment (3 patients) and venetoclax and decitabine treatment (7 patients). The site of relapse or progression was bone marrow and skin (1 patient), bone marrow and liver (1 patient), breast, retroperitoneal mass and bone (1 patient), bone marrow and lymph node (2 patients), bone marrow (2 patients), bone and breast (1 patient), bone and central nervous system (1 patient) and bone and gall bladder (1 patient). Otoukesh S, et al. The efficacy of venetoclax and hypomethylating agents in acute myeloid leukemia with extramedullary involvement. Leukemia and Lymphoma 61: 2020-2023, No. 8, 2 Jul 2020. Available from: URL: http://doi.org/10.1080/10428194.2020.1742908 803501683

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Reactions 19 Sep 2020 No. 1822