Calcium Biogeochemistry
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Cross-references Alkalinity Algae (Eukaryotic) Animal Skeletons, Advent Biosignatures in Rocks Calcified Cyanobacteria Carbonate Environments Carbonates Cold Seeps Cyanobacteria Divalent Earth Alkaline Cations in Seawater Extracellular Polymeric Substances (EPS) Hydrothermal Environments, Terrestrial Microbial Biomineralization Microbialites, Modern Microbialites, Stromatolites, and Thrombolites Nan(n)obacteria Organomineralization Pedogenic Carbonates Soda Ocean Hypothesis Stromatolites Tufa, Freshwater
CALCIUM BIOGEOCHEMISTRY Anton Eisenhauer IFM-GEOMAR, Christian Albrechts Universität zu Kiel, Kiel, Germany
Definition Calcium (Ca) has the atomic number 20 and is an alkaline earth metal with an atomic mass of 40.978 amu. The
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important role of Ca in biogeochemical processes is based on its chemical versatility, which is related to its highly adaptable coordination geometry, its divalent charge, modest binding energies, fast reaction kinetics, and its inertness in redox reactions (Williams, 1974). Calcium is a soft grey alkaline earth metal, and is the fifth most abundant element in the Earth’s crust and the seventh most abundant element in the ocean. It is essential for living organisms, particularly in cell physiology, shell formation, and calcification and hence, is usually the most common metal in many animals.
Calcium isotopes and their application in Biogeochemistry The
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