Carbon and Nitrogen Cycling in European Forest Ecosystems
The storage of carbon in forest ecosystems has received special attention in the Kyoto protocol of the Climate Convention, which attempts to equilibrate fossil fuel emissions with biological sinks. This volume quantifies carbon storage in managed forest e
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Edited by M.M. Caldwell, Logan, USA G. Heldmaier, Marburg, Germany 0.1. Lange, Wiirzburg, Germany H.A. Mooney, Stanford, USA E.-D. Schulze, Jena, Germany U. Sommer, Kiel, Germany
Ecological Studies Volumes published since 1994 are listed at the end of this book.
Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg GmbH
E.-D. Schulze (Ed.)
Carbon and Nitrogen Cycling in European Forest Ecosystems With 183 Figures, 14 in Color, 106 Tables, and CD-ROM
Springer
Prof. Dr. Ernst-Detlef Schulze Max-Planck-Institute for Biogeochemistry P.O. Box 10 01 64 07701 Jena Germany
Design of the cover illustration by Barbara Lühker Additional material to this book can be downloaded from http://extras.springer.com.
ISSN 0070-8356 ISBN 978-3-540-67239-5
Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data Carbon and nitrogen cycling in European forest ecosystems /E.-D. Schulze (ed.). p. cm.- (Ecological studies, ISSN 0070-8356; vol. 142) Includes bibliographical references. ISBN 978-3-540-67239-5 ISBN 978-3-642-57219-7 (eBook) DOI 10.1007/978-3-642-57219-7 I. Carbon cycle (Biogeochemistry) - Europe. 2. Nitrogen cycle - Europe. 3. Forest ecology- Europe. I. Schulze, E.-D. (Ernst-Detlef), 1941. II. Ecological studies; v. 142. This work is subject to copyright All rights are reserved, whether the whole or part of the material is concerned, specifically the rights of translation, reprinting, reuse of illustrations, recitation, broadcasting, reproduction on microfilm or in any other way, and storage in data banks. Duplication of this publication or parts thereof is permitted only under the provisions of the German Copyright Law of September 9, 1965, in its current version, and permissions for use must always be obtained from Springer-Verlag. Violations are liable for prosecution under the German Copyright Law. ©
Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg 2000
Originally published by Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg New York 2000 Softcover reprint of the bardeover Ist edition 2000 The use of general descriptive names, registered names, trademarks, etc. in this publication does not imply, even in the absence of a specific statement, that such names are exempt from the relevant protective laws and regulations and therefore free for general use. Production; PRO EDiT GmbH, Heide1berg, Germany Cover design: Design & Production GmbH, Heidelberg, Germany Typesetting: Best-set Typesetter Ltd., Hong Kong SPIN 10698782 (hardcover) SPIN 10755267 (softcover) 31/3136/göh 5 4 3 2 I 0 - Printedon acid free paper
Preface
One might think that the principles of carbon and nitrogen cycles of forests are textbook knowledge. However, if we are asked to quantify the fluxes and to make firm estimates about relations to natural and human-induced disturbances, then our answers will rapidly become very vague. This ecological dilemma becomes even more obvious, when scientists are questioned by politicians to verifiably state whether a region is a source or a sink for carbon. The Kyoto protocol of the Climate Convention poses this question to the scientific community, and the ans
