Caring for Hospitalized Patients with Diabetes Mellitus, Hyperglycemia, and COVID-19: Bridging the Remaining Knowledge G
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HOSPITAL MANAGEMENT OF DIABETES (A WALLIA AND J SELEY, SECTION EDITORS)
Caring for Hospitalized Patients with Diabetes Mellitus, Hyperglycemia, and COVID-19: Bridging the Remaining Knowledge Gaps Amisha Wallia 1,2 & Grace Prince 1 & Emilie Touma 2 & Malek El Muayed 1 & Jane Jeffrie Seley 3 Accepted: 26 October 2020 # Springer Science+Business Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature 2020
Abstract Purpose of Review This review discusses the interplay between coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19, caused by SARS-CoV-2 infection), diabetes mellitus, and hyperglycemia in the hospital setting. There are data emerging about diabetes and hyperglycemia, their prevalence, and potential risks in the setting of SARS-CoV-2 infection and COVID-19. Recent Findings It is known that viral infections exert effects on beta cell function and insulin resistance. Therefore, much can be learned about SARS-CoV-2/COVID-19 from examining these known relationships. Such pathophysiological underpinnings may unlock greater understanding as we navigate atypical cases of hyperglycemia, severe insulin resistance, and diabetic ketoacidosis amidst COVID-19. Glycemic outcomes likely have beneficial effects on morbidity and mortality, but this needs to be studied. Summary Changes in diabetes-related protocols and new technology can be deployed in the inpatient setting to potentially improve healthcare worker and patient safety; however, one must weigh the risks and benefits of implementation during a pandemic. Ultimately, knowledge and research must be shared at record speed to combat this global crisis. Keywords Diabetes . Covid-19 . SARS-CoV2 . Inpatient management . Hyperglycemia
Introduction: SARS-CoV-2 Infection, COVID-19, Obesity, and Diabetes Mellitus On December 31, 2019, The World Health Organization (WHO) was notified of cases of pneumonia of unknown etiology originating in Wuhan, China. These cases were quickly linked to a novel beta-coronavirus, initially identified as 2019nCoV, now known as SARS-CoV-2 [1]. Less than 3 months
later, by March 11, 2020, the WHO declared the coronavirus disease (COVID-19) a pandemic, affecting most if not all countries across the globe [1, 2]. As of September 9, 2020, over 27 million cases of COVID-19 have been detected and confirmed, including: the USA with 6,330,316 cases, Russia with 1,037,526 cases, the UK with 354,934 cases, Italy with 280,153 cases, and China with 90,087 cases [1], while 898,456 individuals have died [1]. As the crisis has swept
This article is part of the Topical Collection on Hospital Management of Diabetes * Amisha Wallia [email protected] Grace Prince [email protected] Emilie Touma [email protected] Malek El Muayed [email protected]
Jane Jeffrie Seley [email protected] 1
Division of Endocrinology, Metabolism and Molecular Medicine, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, USA
2
Institute of Public Health, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, USA
3
Division of Endocrinology, Dia
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