Cartilage repair using stem cells & biomaterials: advancement from bench to bedside
- PDF / 779,329 Bytes
- 15 Pages / 595.276 x 790.866 pts Page_size
- 46 Downloads / 153 Views
REVIEW
Cartilage repair using stem cells & biomaterials: advancement from bench to bedside Anupama Kakkar1 · Aarti Singh1 · Sumit Kumar Saraswat1 · Supriya Srivastava1 · Nitin Khatri1 · Rakesh Kumar Nagar1 · Mukesh Kumar1 · Poonam Meena1 · Rajan Datt1 · Siddharth Pandey1 Received: 22 January 2020 / Accepted: 28 August 2020 © Springer Nature B.V. 2020
Abstract Osteoarthritis (OA) involves gradual destruction of articular cartilagemanifested by pain, stiffness of joints, and impaired movement especially in knees and hips. Non-vascularity of this tissue hinders its self-regenerative capacity and thus, the application of reparative or restorative modalities becomes imperative in OA treatment. In recent years, stem cell-based therapies have been explored as potential modalities for addressing OA complications. While mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) hold immense promise, the recapitulation of native articular cartilage usingMSCs remains elusive. In this review, we have highlighted the chondrogenic potential of MSCs, factors guiding in vitro chondrogenic differentiation, biomaterials available for cartilage repair, their current market status, and the outcomes of major clinical trials. Our search on ClinicalTrials.gov using terms “stem cell” and “osteoarthritis” yielded 83 results. An analysis of the 29 trials that have been completed revealed differences in source of MSCs (bone marrow, adipose tissue, umbilical cord etc.), cell type (autologous or allogenic), and dose administered. Moreover, only 02 out of 29 studies have reported the use of matrix for cartilage repair. From future perspective, aconsensus on choice of cells, differentiation inducers, biomaterials, and clinical settings might pave a way for concocting robust strategies to improve the clinical applicability of biomimetic neocartilage constructs. Keywords Osteoarthritis · Cartilage repair · Stem cells · Biomaterials · Pre clinical studies · Clinical studies
Introduction Osteoarthritis is a chronic, musculoskeletal degenerative disease which is mainly characterized by progressive degeneration of articular cartilage, bone sclerosis, formation of Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (https://doi.org/10.1007/s11033-020-05748-1) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
osteophyte and synoviopathy [1]. OA mainly affects elder people and it is the main cause of their physical disability. According to WHO, in population above 60 years of age, its prevalence is found to be higher in women (18%) than men (9.6%). The factors such as socioeconomic status, menopause, greater BMI, sedentary lifestyle, use of oral contraceptives and postmenopausal hormone-replacement therapy are positively associated with this [2]. Further, increase in
* Siddharth Pandey [email protected]; [email protected]
Rakesh Kumar Nagar [email protected]
Anupama Kakkar [email protected]
Mukesh Kumar [email protected]
Aarti Singh [email protected]
Poonam Meena [email protected]
Sumi
Data Loading...
