Cavitation Suppression of Bileaflet Mechanical Heart Valves
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Cardiovascular Engineering and Technology (Ó 2020) https://doi.org/10.1007/s13239-020-00484-w
Original Article
Cavitation Suppression of Bileaflet Mechanical Heart Valves JIN-YUAN QIAN,1,2 ZHI-XIN GAO,1,3 WEN-QING LI,1 and ZHI-JIANG JIN
1
1
Institute of Process Equipment, College of Energy Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, People’s Republic of China; 2State Key Laboratory of Fluid Power and Mechatronic Systems, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, People’s Republic of China; and 3SUFA Technology Industry Co., Ltd, CNNC, Suzhou 215129, People’s Republic of China (Received 26 June 2019; accepted 2 September 2020) Associate Editor Ulrich Steinseifer oversaw the review of this article.
Abstract Purpose—Mechanical heart valves (MHVs) are widely used to replace diseased heart valves, but it may suffer from cavitation due to the rapid closing velocity of the leaflets, resulting in the damage of red blood cells and platelets. The aim of this study is to apply computational fluid dynamics (CFD) method to investigate the cavitation in bileaflets mechanical heart valves (BMHVs) and discuss the effects of the conduit and leaflet geometries on cavitation intensity. Methods—Firstly, CFD method together with moving-grid technology were applied and validated by comparing with experimental results obtained from other literature. Then the leaflets movement and the flow rate of BMHVs with different conduit geometries and leaflet geometries are compared. At last, the duration time of the saturated vapor pressure and the closing velocity of leaflets at the instant of valve closure were used to represent the cavitation intensity. Results—Larger closing velocity of leaflets at the instant of valve closure means higher cavitation intensity. For BMHVs with different conduit geometries, the conduit with Valsalva sinuses has the maximum cavitation intensity and the straight conduit has the minimum cavitation intensity, but the leaflets cannot reach the fully opened state in a straight conduit. For BMHVs with different leaflet geometries, in order to minimize the cavitation intensity, the leaflets are better to have a large thickness and a small rotational radius. Conclusion—CFD method is a promising method to deal with cavitation in BMHVs, and the closing velocity of leaflets has the same trend with the cavitation intensity. By using CFD method, the effects of the conduit geometry and the leaflet geometry on cavitaion in BMHVs are found out. Keywords—Bileaflet mechanical heart valves (BMHV), Cavitation, Computational fluid dynamics (CFD).
Address correspondence to Zhi-jiang Jin, Institute of Process Equipment, College of Energy Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, People’s Republic of China. Electronic mail: [email protected]
INTRODUCTION Mechanical heart valves (MHVs) have been using to replace a defective native heart valve over the past 60 years owing to its durability and safety,44 but one of the shortcomings of MHVs is that it may suffer from cavitation, compared with the biological and the native heart valves.1 When
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