CdS quantum dots encapsulated within the mesopores of MCM-41 and interlayers of montmorillonite as photocatalysts for rh
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RESEARCH ARTICLE
CdS quantum dots encapsulated within the mesopores of MCM-41 and interlayers of montmorillonite as photocatalysts for rhodamine-B degradation in aqueous solution Majid Masteri-Farahani 1,2 & Nazanin Mosleh 1,2 Received: 7 March 2020 / Accepted: 10 September 2020 # Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature 2020
Abstract Capping agent-free CdS quantum dots (CdS-QDs) were synthesized within the mesopores of MCM-41 and interlayers of montmorillonite (MMT), using a safe manner by a facile ion exchange-precipitation protocol. The mesopores of MCM-41 and interlayers of MMT controlled the growth of CdS-QDs. The obtained CdS-QDs@MCM-41 and CdS-QDs/MMT were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis, energy-dispersive X-ray (EDX), diffuse reflectance UV-Vis, and photoluminescence spectroscopies. Photodegradation of rhodamine-B (RhB) over these embedded CdS-QDs was investigated under UV-Vis light irradiation. The influences of some parameters on the photodegradation of RhB such as pH, temperature, and UV-Vis irradiation time were investigated. The results showed that the CdS-QDs/MMT and CdS-QDs@MCM-41 have high efficiencies for RhB photodegradation under UV-Vis illumination. Keywords Quantum dots . MCM-41 . Montmorillonite . Immobilization . Photodegradation
Introduction Recently, the study on nontoxic, available, stable, and efficient photocatalysts for utilization in the field of photocatalytic water treatment and degradation of pollutants has attracted great attention (Rajamanickam and Shanthi 2016; Valenti et al. 2016; Ghanbari and Salavati-Niasari 2018; Mehdizadeh et al. 2020; Zinatloo-Ajabshir et al. 2020). Since TiO2 was discovered as photocatalyst (Fujishima and Honda 1972), much efforts have been devoted to designing photocatalysts that can promote photoreactions under visible light irradiation. Many photoactive materials such as TiO2 Responsible editor: Sami Rtimi Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-020-10810-3) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users. * Majid Masteri-Farahani [email protected] 1
Faculty of Chemistry, Kharazmi University, Tehran, Islamic Republic of Iran
2
Research Institute of Green Chemistry, Kharazmi University, Tehran, Islamic Republic of Iran
(Haro et al. 2014), Fe2O3 (Hung et al. 2014), ZnO (Chen et al. 2017), BiVO4 (Saison et al. 2015), ZnS (Wang et al. 2014), MoS2 (Li et al. 2009), and graphitic carbon nitrides (Naseri et al. 2017) have been introduced as photocatalytic materials until now. Photoactive semiconductor materials, i.e., quantum dots (QDs), have recently emerged as efficient kinds of photocatalysts for pollutant degradation. QDs with a size of 2–10 nm show unique size-dependent absorption spectra and bandgaps that are adjustable by manipulating their particle size (Cheng et al. 2015; Lim et al. 2018; Zhao et al. 2015). Under light illumination, small size QDs can harvest incident photons and generate excitons to induce charge separation. Co
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