Characterization, Mechanical and Wear Behaviour of Magnesium (AZ91D)/Graphite/Tungsten Carbide Hybrid Composites Fabrica
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ORIGINAL ARTICLE
Characterization, Mechanical and Wear Behaviour of Magnesium (AZ91D)/Graphite/Tungsten Carbide Hybrid Composites Fabricated by Powder Metallurgy K. Ravi Kumar1
Received: 9 February 2020 / Accepted: 4 August 2020 The Indian Institute of Metals - IIM 2020
Abstract In this study, magnesium (AZ91D) hybrid composites reinforced with graphite and tungsten carbide were fabricated by compact pressing powder metallurgy technique. Optical microstructure and XRD studies were carried to analyse the distribution of particles and to identify the phases. The mechanical and wear characteristics of the fabricated magnesium (AZ91D) composite samples were studied. The measured density and calculated density of the composites are close to each other indicating minimum porosity. The presence of graphite and tungsten carbide enhances hardness of the composites. Strength of magnesium (AZ91D) composites is higher than the base alloy at room temperature. Addition of tungsten carbide in magnesium composites decreases the wear. Magnesium hybrid composites used in the study exhibit high strength, high hardness and wear resistance. Keywords Magnesium Composites Graphite Mechanical properties Compact sintering Powder metallurgy
1 Introduction Metal matrix composites (MMC) reinforced with different hard ceramic particles play a significant role in defence, marine, automotive and aerospace applications owing to its improved strength, lightweight, fracture, wear resistance, etc. [1, 2]. Wrought magnesium alloys attract interest for & K. Ravi Kumar [email protected] 1
Department of Mechanical Engineering, Dr. N.G.P Institute of Technology, Coimbatore, India
lightweight applications because of its improved mechanical properties, homogeneous microstructure, precipitation, texture hardening effect and grain refinement [3]. Magnesium matrix composites broadly used in industries automobile, aerospace, etc. are gaining significance due to its outstanding physical and mechanical properties like good wear resistance, high specific modulus, strength and damping capacity [4]. Reinforcements like SiC, rice husk ash, metallic glass, Al2O3, B4C, fly ash, etc. were added to magnesium to enhance its properties [5]. Sameer Kumar et al. [6] fabricated magnesium composites with Al2O3 by stir casting technique and obtained high hardness, yield and tensile strengths of the composites. Dinaharan et al. [7] fabricated magnesium/fly ash composites by stir casting and observed coarse grain structure, inhomogeneous dispersion of fly ash particles and undesirable compound produced due to the reaction of fly ash with magnesium. Selvam et al. [8] prepared reinforced ZnO in magnesium by powder metallurgy followed by hot extrusion and reported that the wear rate was influenced by the development of oxide layers and was characterized by abrasion and delamination mechanisms. Sudip Banerjee et al. [9] reported that WC particles in Mg increased the wear resistance and hardness of composites. The mechanical properties were influenced by mechani
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