Clay Tobacco Pipes from a Colonial Refuse Deposit in Fort San Severino, Matanzas Province, Cuba
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Clay Tobacco Pipes from a Colonial Refuse Deposit in Fort San Severino, Matanzas Province, Cuba Johanset Orihuela 1 & Ricardo A. Viera 2
# Springer Science+Business Media New York 2016
Abstract This article provides a detailed study of clay tobacco pipes excavated from a refuse deposit at Fort San Severino, Matanzas city, Cuba. The pipes date to the late eighteenth through the nineteenth century and are dominated by reed-stem typology. The collection includes Dutch, British, Spanish, and Balkan specimens. The study of these pipes contribute to the archaeology of clay pipes in Cuba and provide insight into the socioeconomics of pipe culture at fort San Severino. Moreover, it brings special attention to the occurrence of western Mediterranean reed-stem tobacco pipes, yet to be studied from other Spanish sites in the Caribbean. Keywords Clay tobacco pipes . Fort San Severino . Matanzas . Cuba
Introduction Clay tobacco pipes are common artifacts in historical archaeological deposits throughout the world. Their study has been especially relevant to the interpretation of material culture in European and North American sites (see e.g., Armero 1989; Cessford 2001; Davey 1979; Deetz 1996; Gojak and Stuart 1999; Higgins 1995; Murphy 1976; Noël Hume 1969, 1974; Pfeifer 2006; Sudbury 1979, 2009). However, despite increasing clay pipe research in North America, and recently in South America, pipes remain understudied in the Caribbean. García (1978); Ortega (1982); Veloz Maggiolo and Ortega (1992) and Domínguez (1995) have dealt indirectly with the occurrence of
* Johanset Orihuela [email protected] Ricardo A. Viera [email protected]
1
Department of Earth and Environment, Florida International University, Miami, FL 33199, USA
2
Lic. in Socio-cultural Studies, Conservator of Sauto Theatre, Matanzas, Cuba
Int J Histor Archaeol
tobacco pipes among other ceramics but have concentrated on the history of their sites, while providing few details about the tobacco pipes themselves. Other researchers in the Caribbean have indeed concerned in the presence of tobacco pipes and their origins of manufacture, but most of the studies focus on nineteenth-century slave-related contexts (e.g., Agbe-Davies 2006; Singleton 2005) or general Caribbean colonial contexts (Fox 2002; Deagan 2002; Heidtke 1992). Studies of eighteenth-century and earlier contexts are lacking. Report and analysis of clay tobacco pipes in Cuba, where tobacco pipes are common in colonial deposits, has received even sparser archaeological attention. The few reports available focus on the presence of tobacco pipes at nineteenth-century coffee or sugar plantations (e.g., González 2005a; González-Sánchez 2005; Singleton 2005) or cave contexts serving as hideouts for maroons (e.g., García y Grave de Peralta 1938; La Rosa 1991, 1999; Rodríguez Tápanes and Hernández de Lara 2004). Fewer examples are reported from urban or military contexts. Hernández Godoy and Arrazcaeta Delgado (2009) briefly discuss local pipe industries related to the African slave d
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