Cognitive Behavioral Therapy and Mindfulness-Based Cognitive Therapy in Children and Adolescents with Type 2 Diabetes
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PEDIATRIC TYPE 2 AND MONOGENIC DIABETES (O PINHAS-HAMIEL, SECTION EDITOR)
Cognitive Behavioral Therapy and Mindfulness-Based Cognitive Therapy in Children and Adolescents with Type 2 Diabetes Orit Pinhas-Hamiel 1,2,3 & Daniel Hamiel 4,5,6 Accepted: 10 September 2020 # Springer Science+Business Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature 2020
Abstract Purpose of Review Among adults with type 2 diabetes (T2D), cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT), acceptance and commitment therapy, and mindfulness interventions have demonstrated improvement in depression, anxiety, and glycemic control. We assessed whether these treatment modalities have shown usefulness in adolescents with T2D or at risk for T2D. Recent Findings Data are limited on the use of the abovementioned therapeutic interventions and include only adolescent girls at risk for T2D. CBT was as useful as health education sessions. At 1 year, greater decreases in depression, insulin resistance, and BMI were observed in girls randomized to mindfulness compared with CBT groups. Summary Given the positive outcome of mindfulness intervention in adults and in adolescent girls at risk for T2D, future studies should involve males at risk for T2D, and adolescents diagnosed with T2D. Longer interventions and booster meetings for maintenance should be studied. Keywords Cognitive behavioral therapy . Third wave CBT . Mindfulness-based cognitive therapy . Acceptance and commitment therapy . Type 2 diabetes . Adolescents . Obesity
Introduction Type 2 diabetes (T2D) in children and adolescents is a serious health problem, with increasing prevalence in most regions of the world [1]. Earlier onset of T2D is associated with high prevalence of early complications [2]. Poor adherence to This article is part of the Topical Collection on Pediatric Type 2 and Monogenic Diabetes * Orit Pinhas-Hamiel [email protected] Daniel Hamiel [email protected] 1
Pediatric Endocrine and Diabetes Unit, Edmond and Lily Safra Children’s Hospital, Sheba Medical Center, Ramat Gan, Israel
2
Maccabi Juvenile Diabetes Center, Ra’anana, Israel
3
Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
4
Baruch Ivcher School of Psychology, Herzlyia Inter-Disciplinary Center, Herzliya, Israel
5
Cohen-Harris Resilience Center, Tel Aviv, Israel
6
Tel Aviv Brüll Community Mental Health Center, Clalit Health Services, Tel Aviv, Israel
prescribed oral medication regimens is reported as one of the barriers to good glycemic control. Other major barriers include underlying severe obesity, high rates of binge eating, [3] major stressful events in life, impaired psychosocial functioning, and high rates of depression [4]. Major depressive disorders and subclinical depressive symptomatology are common in adolescents with T2D. Symptoms of depression were identified in 22% of adolescents diagnosed with T2D within 2 years [4]. Longitudinal trajectories of psychosocial burden and glycemic control reveal that adolescents with T2D had more depressive symptoms and poorer quality of life than youth wit
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