Colloidal lead-free Cs 2 AgBiBr 6 double perovskite nanocrystals: Synthesis, uniform thin-film fabrication, and applicat
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Colloidal lead-free Cs2AgBiBr6 double perovskite nanocrystals: Synthesis, uniform thin-film fabrication, and application in solution-processed solar cells Razi Ahmad1,5, Gautam Virender Nutan1, Dinesh Singh2, Govind Gupta1, Udit Soni3, Sameer Sapra4, and Ritu Srivastava1 () 1
Advanced Materials and Devices Metrology Division, CSIR-National Physical Laboratory, Dr. K.S. Krishnan Road, New Delhi-110012, India Indian Reference Materials Division, CSIR-National Physical Laboratory, Dr. K.S. Krishnan Road, New Delhi-110012, India 3 Department of Biotechnology, TERI School of Advanced studies, New Delhi 110070, India 4 Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Delhi, New Delhi 110016, India 5 Regional Centre of Advanced Technologies and Materials, Faculty of Science, Palacký University Olomouc, Šlechtitelů 27, 783 71 Olomouc, Czech Republic 2
© Tsinghua University Press and Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature 2020 Received: 24 February 2020 / Revised: 3 October 2020 / Accepted: 8 October 2020
ABSTRACT Recently developed lead-free double perovskite nanocrystals (NCs) have been proposed for the possible application in solutionprocessed optoelectronic devices. However, the optoelectronic applications of double perovskite NCs have been hampered due to the structural and chemical instability in the presence of polar molecules. Here, we report a facile strategy for the synthesis and purification of Cs2AgBiBr6 double perovskite NCs that remained stable even after washing with polar solvent. This is realized with our efficient colloidal route to synthesize Cs2AgBiBr6 NCs that involve stable and strongly coordinated precursor such as silvertrioctylphosphine complex together with bismuth neodecanoate, which leads to a significantly improved chemical and colloidal stability. Using layer-by-layer solid-state ligand exchange technique, a compact and crack-free thin film of Cs2AgBiBr6 NCs were fabricated. Finally, perovskite solar cells consisting of Cs2AgBiBr6 as an absorber layer were fabricated and tested.
KEYWORDS double perovskite nanocrystals, colloidal and chemical stability, thin film, solar cells
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Introduction
Solution-processed solar cells based on lead halide perovskite have already achieved record certified efficiency over 22% in a single-junction architecture [1]. The outstanding device performance of lead-based perovskite is attributed to the remarkable optical and electronic properties including narrow bandgap with high optical absorption coefficient, long diffusion length and carrier lifetime, defect tolerant nature, balanced charge carrier transport and low exciton binding energies [2]. Despite remarkable progress and outstanding performance, the practical utilization of this fastest growing photovoltaic technology is hampered by inherent toxicity due to the presence of lead atom and instability in the normal operating conditions such as heat, light and humidity [3]. To overcome such serious issues, the search of stable lead-free perovskite materials is still in progress. In a
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