Comparing an adiposopathy approach with four popular classifications schemes to categorize the metabolic profile of post
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ORIGINAL ARTICLE
Comparing an adiposopathy approach with four popular classifications schemes to categorize the metabolic profile of postmenopausal women Pascale Mauriège 1,2
&
Antony D. Karelis 3,4 & Nadine Taleb 4 & Andrée-Anne Clément 1,2 & Denis R. Joanisse 1,2
Received: 24 August 2019 / Accepted: 7 September 2020 # University of Navarra 2020
Abstract Numerous classifications are used to discern metabolically healthy obese (MHO) from metabolically abnormal obese (MAO) individuals. The goal of this study was to compare a single phenotype approach, adiposopathy (i.e., the plasma adiponectin/leptin ratio), with four commonly used classifications (International Diabetes Federation (IDF), Karelis, Lynch, Wildman), all based on obesity with other risk factors), for their ability to discern phenotypic differences between MAO and MHO postmenopausal women. Anthropometry, body composition, blood pressure, cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF), lipid-lipoprotein, hepatic, inflammatory, and adipokine profiles, as well as glucose-insulin homeostasis, were assessed in 79 obese sedentary postmenopausal women (60 ± 5 years; body mass index, BMI, 34.0 ± 3.7 kg/m2). Abdominal subcutaneous adipose tissue (SCAT) expression of selected genes involved in fatty acid metabolism and inflammation was used as markers of tissue state (n = 48). Beyond their intrinsic criteria, adiposopathy was almost as effective as the Karelis definition in discerning differences in MHO for adiposity (reduced body weight, BMI, waist circumference, and fat mass), lipid-lipoprotein (lower triacylglycerol and higher HDL-cholesterol levels, reduced atherogenic ratios) and adipokine (higher adiponectin and lower leptin levels) profiles, and glucose-insulin homeostasis (lower insulin resistance) as well as for some SCAT gene expression related to lipolysis and lipogenesis, but was the only one able to distinguish these subjects for greater CRF. The other classifications revealed fewer differences between MAO and MHO women. These data suggest that considering a marker of AT dysfunction such as adiposopathy either alone or in addition to other criteria could be potentially interesting in discerning the MHO phenotype. Keywords Adiponectin . Leptin . Insulin sensitivity . Cardiometabolic risk . Menopause . Adipose tissue
Key points • Adiposopathy (adipose tissue dysfunction) impacts metabolic health. • Existing MHO classifications largely ignore adiposopathy. • Adiposopathy discerns additional differences between MHO and MAO women. * Pascale Mauriège [email protected] 1
Centre de Recherche de l’Institut Universitaire de Cardiologie et de Pneumologie de Québec, Université Laval, Québec, Canada
2
Département de Kinésiologie, Faculté de Médecine, Université Laval, Québec, Canada
3
Département des Sciences de l’activité physique, Université du Québec à Montréal, Montréal, Canada
4
Institut de Recherches Cliniques de Montréal, Université de Montréal, Montréal, Canada
Introduction The prevalence of adult obesity has dramatically increased over the pa
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