Comparison of Nasal Index Between Northwestern Nigeria and Northern Iranian Populations: An Anthropometric Study
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ORIGINAL ARTICLE
Comparison of Nasal Index Between Northwestern Nigeria and Northern Iranian Populations: An Anthropometric Study Akanji Omotosho Dhulqarnain1,2 • Tahmineh Mokhtari3 • Tayebeh Rastegar2 Ibrahim Mohammed1,2 • Sahar Ijaz1,2 • Gholamreza Hassanzadeh2,3
•
Received: 9 June 2019 / Accepted: 22 November 2019 Ó The Association of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgeons of India 2019
Abstract Purpose The nasal index has a great value in anthropological studies, because it is one of the anthropometric indices acknowledged in nasal surgery as well as management. Anthropometric studies are very important area for craniofacial surgery and syndromology. The aim of this research was to compare the nasal characteristics between northwestern Nigerian and Iranian populations and compare them with other studies. Methods The nasal breadths and heights were measured from 400 individuals with 200 participants from Hausa ethnic group of northwestern Nigeria and 200 participants from Northern Tehran, Iran. Nasal index (NI) was calculated and analyzed statistically. Results There were significant difference in the nasal breadth (P = 0.0001), height (P = 0.0001) and NI (P = 0.0001) of sex groups in both Iranian and Nigeria population. The distribution of the nasal shapes for Iranian population is 127 leptorrhine (31.9%), 62 mesorrhine (15.6%) and nine platyrrhine (2.3%), while Nigeria population has 120 mesorrhine (30.2%), 75 leptorrhine (18.8%) and five platyrrhine (1.3%). This shows that Nigeria Hausa population has predominantly mesorrhine nose shape, while Northern Iranians are leptorrhine.
& Gholamreza Hassanzadeh [email protected] 1
International Campus, Tehran University of Medical Science, Tehran, Iran
2
Department of Anatomy, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
3
Legal Medicine Research Centre, Legal Medicine Organisation, Tehran, Iran
Conclusion The NI of males is higher than females in both population and this study can be of clinical and surgical interest in Rhinology. We recommend further studies to compare the NI of Nigeria and Iranian population of different ethnic groups and with other countries. Keywords Anthropometry Nasal index Iranians Nigerians
Introduction Variation in human is of great importance to scientists for effective diagnoses and treatment of diseases and to classify human based on race and ethnicity. This is attributed to many factors including genetic mutation and law of natural selection. Over the years, anthropometry has been an important tool in studying variations in human. The knowledge of anthropometry has proven to be useful in studying variations in human. Throughout the world, there are remarkable differences in facial morphology in different races [1]. Therefore, facial anthropometric study is a useful tool in facial reconstructive surgery, forensic analysis and in genetic counseling [2–4]. Many researchers have indicated the use of nasal anthropometry to categorize human into different races [5]. Aside variations in races, it has b
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