Conformational behavior of coat protein in plants and association with coat protein-mediated resistance against TMV
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BACTERIAL FUNGAL AND VIRUS MOLECULAR BIOLOGY - RESEARCH PAPER
Conformational behavior of coat protein in plants and association with coat protein-mediated resistance against TMV Jatin Sharma 1,2 & Rituraj Purohit 1,2,3
&
Vipin Hallan 2,3
Received: 20 August 2019 / Accepted: 7 January 2020 # Sociedade Brasileira de Microbiologia 2020
Abstract Tobacco mosaic virus (TMV) coat protein (CP) self assembles in viral RNA deprived transgenic plants to form aggregates based on the physical conditions of the environment. Transgenic plants in which these aggregates are developed show resistance toward infection by TMV referred to as CP-MR. This phenomenon has been extensively used to protect transgenic plants against viral diseases. The mutants T42W and E50Q CP confer enhanced CP-MR as compared to the WT CP. The aggregates, when examined, show the presence of helical discs in the case of WT CP; on the other hand, mutants show the presence of highly stable non-helical long rods. These aggregates interfere with the accumulation of MP as well as with the disassembly of TMV in plant cells. Here, we explored an atomic level insight to the process of CP-MR through MD simulations. The subunit-subunit interactions were assessed with the help of MM-PBSA calculations. Moreover, classification of secondary structure elements of the protein also provided unambiguous information about the conformational changes occurring in the two chains, which indicated toward increased flexibility of the mutant protein and seconded the other results of simulations. Our finding indicates the essential structural changes caused by the mutation in CP subunits, which are critically responsible for CP-MR and provides an in silico insight into the effects of these transitions over CPMR. These results could further be utilized to design TMV-CP-based small peptides that would be able to provide appropriate protection against TMV infection. Keywords Coat protein-mediated resistance . Coat protein . Tobacco mosaic virus . Flexibility
Abbreviations CP-MR Coat protein-mediated resistance TMV Tobacco mosaic virus CP Coat protein RMSD Root mean square deviation RMSF Root mean square fluctuation Responsible Editor: Giliane Souza Trindade. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (https://doi.org/10.1007/s42770-020-00225-0) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users. * Rituraj Purohit [email protected] 1
Structural Bioinformatics Lab, CSIR-Institute of Himalayan Bioresource Technology (CSIR-IHBT), Palampur, HP 176061, India
2
Biotechnology division, CSIR-IHBT, Palampur, HP 176061, India
3
Academy of Scientific & Innovative Research (AcSIR), CSIR-IHBT Campus, Palampur, HP 176061, India
Rg MD
Radius of gyration Molecular Dynamics
Introduction Tobacco mosaic virus is a single-stranded RNA virus belonging to the Tobamovirus genus, which infects the plants hailing from the Solanaceae family, especially the Tobacco plant [1]. TMV genome encodes for four proteins, which include two replicase proteins of
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