Cross-cultural adaptation and validation of the Amsterdam Instrumental Activities of Daily Living questionnaire short ve

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RESEARCH

Cross‑cultural adaptation and validation of the Amsterdam Instrumental Activities of Daily Living questionnaire short version German for Switzerland Marina Bruderer‑Hofstetter1,2*  , Mark A. Dubbelman3, André Meichtry1, Florian Koehn4, Thomas Münzer4,5, Roos J. Jutten3, Philip Scheltens3, Sietske A. M. Sikkes3 and Karin Niedermann1

Abstract  Background:  Instrumental Activities of Daily Living (IADL) limitations are associated with reduced health-related quality of life for people with mild cognitive impairment (MCI). For these people, the assessment of IADL is crucial to the diagnostic process, as well as for the evaluation of new interventions addressing MCI. The Amsterdam IADL Questionnaire Short Version (A-IADL-Q-SV) is an established assessment tool with good psychometric properties that has been shown to be robust to cultural differences in Western countries. The aims of this study were to: (1) crossculturally adapt and validate the A-IADL-Q-SV for the German-speaking population of Switzerland; (2) investigate its cultural comparability; and (3) evaluate further psychometric properties. Methods:  The A-IADL-Q-SV German was pretested on clinicians and participants in a memory clinic setting. The psychometric properties and cultural comparability of the questionnaire were investigated in memory clinic settings including participants with MCI or mild dementia, as well as participants with normal cognition recruited from the community. Item response theory (IRT) was applied to investigate measurement invariance by means of differen‑ tial item functioning to assess item bias. Additionally, the test–retest reliability on scale level, the construct validity through hypothesis testing and the discriminant validity of the A-IADL-Q-SV German were evaluated. Results:  Ninety-six informants of participants with normal cognition, MCI or mild dementia completed the A-IADLQ-SV German. The basic assumptions for IRT scoring were met. No meaningful differential item functioning for culture was detected between the Swiss and Dutch reference samples. High test–retest reliability on scale level (ICC 0.93; 95% CI 0.9–0.96) was found. More than 75% of the observed correlations between the A-IADL-Q-SV German and clinical measures of cognition and functional status were found to be in the direction and of the magnitude hypothesized. The A-IADL-Q-SV German was shown to be able to discriminate between participants with normal cognition and MCI, as well as MCI and mild dementia. Conclusions:  The A-IADL-Q-SV German is a psychometrically robust measurement tool for a Swiss population with normal cognition, MCI and mild dementia. Thus, it provides a valuable tool to assess IADL functioning in clinical prac‑ tices and research settings in Switzerland.

*Correspondence: marina.bruderer‑[email protected] 1 School of Health Professions, Institute of Physiotherapy, Zurich University of Applied Sciences, Katharina‑Sulzer‑Platz 9, 8401 Winterthur, Switzerland Full list of author information is available at the end of the art