Current situation and distribution equality of public health resource in China
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RESEARCH
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Current situation and distribution equality of public health resource in China Honghui Yao1, Chaohong Zhan2 and Xinping Sha3,4*
Abstract Background: The public health system has been developed in China for several years while no research explores its distribution. This research aims to describe the variation and equality of public health allocation from 2013 to 2018 and explore the source of inequality. Methods: Data in this research was obtained from the China Health Statistics Yearbook 2014 to 2019 and the China Statistical Yearbook 2019. Four indicators were chosen in describing the development and current situation of the public health system. Three of them were used to evaluate allocation equality. 31 provinces were categorized into western, middle, and eastern groups based on geographical and economic conditions. Total allocation equality, inter- and intra-difference were all measured by the Theil index. Results: All indicators showed a stably upwards trend except for the number of public health institutions. The allocation gap of the public health institution per km2 was larger than that per 10,000 capita. Theil index of three indicators continually rose from 2013 to 2018 and the inequality of public health institutions allocation was the highest one. The western region had the highest Theil index in technical personnel and beds allocation. Among the three regions, the western region contributed most to inequality. Conclusions: The public health workforces and institutions are still under the requirement of the National Medical and Health Service System Plan. From 2013 to 2018, the equality of public health resources stably decreases, which is mainly contributed by the internal difference within the western region. Further research should be done to explore the possible cause of the results. Problems founded in this research should be solved by multisectoral cooperation. Keywords: Public health resource, Inequality, Theil
Background Public health system is usually defined as “all public, private, and voluntary entities that contribute to the delivery of essential public health services within a jurisdiction” [1]. In the past 71 years, China has got enviable success in building a completed public health system. The earliest Chinese public health practice can be dated back to the 1920s when the researchers * Correspondence: [email protected] 3 Department of infectious disease, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410008, Hunan Province, China 4 Xinagya Changde Hospital, Changde 415000, Hunan Province, China Full list of author information is available at the end of the article
investigated the shortage of drug supply in rural areas [2]. After 1949, the Chinese government confronted with severe situations in public health – lacked health resources and high epidemics of infectious diseases [3]. To solve these problems, village doctor training (also known as barefoot doctors) and disease prevention were launched, aimed to provide public health services and basic medical s
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