Development of a Postpartum Stressor Measure
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METHODOLOGICAL NOTES
Development of a Postpartum Stressor Measure E. R. Park • C. Psaros • L. Traeger • A. Stagg • J. Jacquart • J. Willett • M. D. Alert K. L. LaRoche • J. L. Ecker
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Ó Springer Science+Business Media New York 2015
Abstract To develop a brief self-report assessment of the type and magnitude of stressors during the postpartum period. A cross-sectional study of a convenience sample of 138 women at Massachusetts General Hospital in Boston, MA completed a measure of postpartum stressors at their 6-week postpartum visit. Item analyses were conducted; items were eliminated based on low relevance, low endorsement, and cross-loadings, resulting in a 9-item measure. Items were summed to create a total postpartum stressors score. To establish concurrent validity with perceived stress, the total postpartum stressors score was correlated with the 4-item Perceived Stress Scale (PSS-4). The stressors score was
tested for bivariate associations with depression (Patient Health Questionnaire-2) and with social support (three items adapted from the MOS Social Support Scale). The 9-item measure, which was comprised of three factors (baby care, well-being, and work) demonstrated good reliability (Cronbach’s a = .74) and concurrent validity with the PSS4 (r = .53; p \ .001) in the current sample. The stressors total score was negatively associated with social support (p \ .001) and was positively associated with depression symptoms (p \ .001). The early psychometric results on this measure are promising and associated with postpartum social support and depressive symptoms. With additional research to enhance external validity, this measure could be
E. R. Park C. Psaros L. Traeger J. Jacquart J. Willett M. D. Alert K. L. LaRoche Benson-Henry Institute for Mind Body Medicine, MGH/Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA e-mail: [email protected]
C. Psaros L. Traeger 1 Bowdoin Square, Boston, MA 02114, USA
L. Traeger e-mail: [email protected] J. Jacquart e-mail: [email protected] J. Willett e-mail: [email protected] M. D. Alert e-mail: [email protected] K. L. LaRoche e-mail: [email protected] E. R. Park C. Psaros L. Traeger Department of Psychiatry, MGH/Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
A. Stagg Department of General Medicine, MGH/Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA e-mail: [email protected] A. Stagg J. L. Ecker Massachusetts General Hospital, 55 Fruit St., Boston, MA 02114, USA e-mail: [email protected] J. Jacquart J. Willett M. D. Alert K. L. LaRoche 151 Merrimac, Boston, MA 02114-4719, USA J. L. Ecker Vincent Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, MGH, Boston, MA, USA
E. R. Park (&) Massachusetts General Hospital, 50 Staniford St., Suite 901, Boston, MA 02114, USA e-mail: [email protected]
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Matern Child Health J
used and tested in an intervention study at the 6-week postpartum visit to identify women at risk for distress. Keywords Stress perception Stress measure Postpartum stressors
(parenting classes,
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