Development of the technologies of ultrasonic tomography for the engineering diagnostics of structural materials
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DEVELOPMENT OF THE TECHNOLOGIES OF ULTRASONIC TOMOGRAPHY FOR THE ENGINEERING DIAGNOSTICS OF STRUCTURAL MATERIALS V. V. Koshovyi,1,2 I. M. Romanyshyn,1 O. M. Mokryi,1 and R. I. Romanyshyn1
UDC 621.129.32
We describe the achievements of the Karpenko Physicomechanical Institute of the Ukrainian National Academy of Sciences in the development of new methods and tools for the ultrasonic computer tomography of structural materials in the last decade. The results of investigations of thick-plate products with welded joints performed by using a transmission ultrasonic computer tomograph are presented. We also describe the technologies of evaluation of the space distribution of scattering power of the metal in thick-walled pipelines by recording scattered ultrasonic signals with the help of an ultrasonic computer tomograph. These technologies prove to be promising for implementation at the objects of nuclear power plants. The results of experimental testing of the technologies of passive ultrasonic computer tomography are discussed. Keywords: ultrasonic tomography, scattered ultrasonic signals.
Since the mid-1980s, new methods and information technologies of ultrasonic computer tomography are developed at the Karpenko Physicomechanical Institute of the Ukrainian National Academy of Sciences for the materials-science investigations and the evaluation of the state of structural materials in thick-plate objects of nondestructive testing. Numerous experimental prototypes of ultrasonic computer tomographs aimed at laboratory and industrial applications have been developed. The algorithmic software of these tomographs makes it possible to reconstruct the space distribution of the acoustic characteristics of materials for various schemes of sounding and recording of various types of ultrasonic signals formed in the process of propagation of sounding ultrasonic waves in the material and as a result of their interaction with defects and the microstructure of the medium, namely, the echo signals from the defects, transmission signals, signals scattered by the microstructure of the material, and acoustic-emission signals. In view of the existence of quantitative relationship between the parameters of sounding ultrasonic signals (reconstructed acoustic characteristics) and the parameters of the mechanical state of materials, we can determine the space distributions of the parameters of the mechanical state and reveal the sites of possible initiation of defects. Nondestructive Diagnostics of Welded Joints by the Devices of Ultrasonic Transmission Tomography The bulk homogeneity of the physicomechanical characteristics of the metal in the heat-affected zone determines, to a large extent, the quality of technological welding and the strength characteristics of welded joints. One of the contemporary approaches potentially capable of the efficient solution the problem of estimating the bulk homogeneity of the mechanical properties of the metal is based on the principles of ultrasonic computer tomography. 1 2
Karpenko Physicomechanical Ins
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