Diabetes-Related Effectiveness and Cost of Liraglutide or Insulin in German Patients with Type 2 Diabetes: A 5-Year Retr
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ORIGINAL RESEARCH
Diabetes-Related Effectiveness and Cost of Liraglutide or Insulin in German Patients with Type 2 Diabetes: A 5-Year Retrospective Claims Analysis Thomas Wilke . Sabrina Mueller . Andreas Fuchs . Margit S. Kaltoft . Stefan Kipper . Malgorzata Cel
Received: May 13, 2020 The Author(s) 2020
ABSTRACT Introduction: Liraglutide is a glucagon-like peptide-1 analogue used to treat type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). To date, limited long-term Digital Features To view digital features for this article go to https://doi.org/10.6084/m9.figshare.12765320. Electronic Supplementary Material The online version of this article (https://doi.org/10.1007/s13300020-00903-0) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users. T. Wilke (&) ¨ r Pharmakoo ¨ konomie und Institut fu Arzneimittellogistik (IPAM) an der Hochschule Wismar, Alter Holzhafen 19, 23966 Wismar, Germany e-mail: [email protected] S. Mueller Ingress-Health, Alter Holzhafen 19, 23966 Wismar, Germany A. Fuchs AOK PLUS, Sternplatz 7, 01067 Dresden, Germany M. S. Kaltoft Global Development, Novo Nordisk A/S, Vandta˚rnsvej 108-114, 2860 Søborg, Denmark S. Kipper Novo Nordisk Pharma GmbH, Brucknerstraße 1, E55127 Mainz, Germany M. Cel Novo Nordisk Region Europe, 3 City Place, Beehive Ring Road, West Sussex, Gatwick RH6 0PA, UK
data ([ 2 years) exist comparing real-world diabetes-related effectiveness and costs for liraglutide versus insulin treatment. Methods: This retrospective claims data analysis covered the period from 1 January 2010 to 31 December 2017 and included continuously insured patients with T2DM who initiated insulin or liraglutide and had 3.5 or 5 years’ follow-up data, identified using the German AOK PLUS dataset. Propensity score matching (PSM) was used to adjust for patient characteristics. Results: After PSM, there were 825 and 436 patients in the liraglutide and insulin groups at 3.5 and 5 years’ follow-up, respectively. Baseline characteristics were similar between compared cohorts. The respective change from baseline to follow-up in mean glycated haemoglobin for liraglutide and insulin patients was - 0.88% and - 0.81% (p [ 0.100) after 3.5 years and - 1.15%/ - 1.02% (p [ 0.100) after 5 years. Mean respective changes in body mass index (kg/m2) were - 1.21/? 1.14 (p \ 0.001) after 3.5 years and - 1.29/? 1.13 after 5 years (p \ 0.001). Liraglutide- versus insulin-treated patients were less likely to have an early T2DMrelated hospitalisation (3.5-year hazard ratio [HR]: 0.414 [95% confidence interval (CI) 0.263–0.651]; 5-year HR: 0.448 [95% CI 0.286–0.701]). At 5 years’ follow-up, there was no statistically significant difference in total direct costs between treatment groups (cost ratio: 1.069 [95% CI 0.98–1.13]; p [ 0.100).
Diabetes Ther
Conclusion: The clinical effectiveness of liraglutide is maintained long term (up to 5 years). Liraglutide treatment is not associated with higher total direct healthcare costs. Keywords: Claims data; Cost; Effectiveness; Germany; Insulin; Liraglutide; Propensity score
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