Differentially expressed genes induced by cold and UV-B in Deschampsia antarctica Desv.
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ORIGINAL PAPER
Differentially expressed genes induced by cold and UV-B in Deschampsia antarctica Desv. Jorge Dinamarca • Alejandra Sandoval-Alvarez Manuel Gidekel • Ana Gutie´rrez-Moraga
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Received: 12 June 2012 / Revised: 20 November 2012 / Accepted: 21 November 2012 / Published online: 4 December 2012 Ó Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg 2012
Abstract Antarctica is one of the most extreme environments on Earth. Deschampsia antarctica Desv. is the only monocot vascular plant that colonizes the Antarctic Peninsula. The survival of this species in this harsh environment suggests that this plant possesses genes associated with cold and UV tolerance. Using suppression subtractive hybridization, we identified a total of 112 differentially expressed genes under cold and UV irradiance conditions. Northern blot analysis and real-time RT-PCR confirmed expression differences among several genes. Using similarity search Jorge Dinamarca and Alejandra Sandoval-Alvarez contributed equally to this work. J. Dinamarca Laboratorio de Fisiologı´a y Biologı´a Molecular Vegetal, Facultad de Ciencias Agropecuarias y Forestales, Universidad de La Frontera, Casilla 54-D, Temuco, Chile Present Address: J. Dinamarca Institute of Marine and Coastal Sciences, Rutgers, State University of New Jersey, New Brunswick, New Jersey, USA A. Sandoval-Alvarez A. Gutie´rrez-Moraga (&) Laboratorio de Fisiologı´a y Biologı´a Molecular Vegetal, Departamento de Produccio´n Agropecuaria, Facultad de Ciencias Agropecuarias y Forestales, Universidad de La Frontera, Casilla 54-D, Temuco, Chile e-mail: [email protected] A. Sandoval-Alvarez A. Gutie´rrez-Moraga Center of Plant, Soil Interaction and Natural Resources Biotechnology, Scientific and Technological Bioresource Nucleus, Universidad de La Frontera, Casilla 54-D, Temuco, Chile M. Gidekel Vicerrectorı´a de Investigacio´n y Postgrado, Universidad de La Frontera, Casilla 54-D, Temuco, Chile
analysis, we identified a number of genes that have not been previously reported. The results showed that cold and UV radiation mainly induce the expression of genes related to transcription, energy and defense response. Interestingly, part of the isolated genes corresponds to unknown or hypothetical proteins. This set of tolerance-related genes could be relevant to uncover the mechanisms by which this extremophile survives in its environment and contribute to the development of biotechnology in Antarctic species. Keywords Induced genes Suppression subtractive hybridization Cold and UV-B tolerance Antarctica Abbreviations EST Expressed sequence tags SSH Suppression subtractive hybridization PFD Photon flux density
Introduction Plants are constantly exposed to environmental stresses, and their survival is determined by their adaptation to short- and long-term stresses (Nishizawa-Yokoi et al. 2011). Environmental stress affects crop growth and poses a threat for sustainable agriculture. This issue has become a relevant concern due to the effects of recent climate change on plant resources, biodiversity and globa
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