Difficulties in emotion regulation and symptom dimensions in patients with obsessive-compulsive disorder
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Difficulties in emotion regulation and symptom dimensions in patients with obsessive-compulsive disorder Vahid Khosravani 1
&
Seyed Mehdi Samimi Ardestani 2 & Farangis Sharifi Bastan 3 & Shera Malayeri 4
# Springer Science+Business Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature 2018
Abstract The present research aimed to investigate the difficulties in emotion regulation (DER) among patients with obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) and to predict obsessive-compulsive (OC) symptom dimensions based on DER dimensions. Eighty outpatients with OCD and 80 normal controls completed the Yale-Brown Obsessive Compulsive Scale (Y-BOCS), the Obsessive Compulsive Inventory-Revised (OCI-R), the Difficulties in Emotion Regulation Scale (DERS) and the Depression Anxiety Stress Scales (DASS-21). OCD patients revealed significantly higher scores on DER dimensions including lack of emotional clarity, limited access to emotion regulation strategies and non-acceptance of emotional responses than healthy controls. Partial correlations indicated significant associations between OC dimensions such as checking/doubting, obsessing, mental neutralizing, and ordering with non-acceptance of emotional responses, checking/doubting with lack of emotional awareness, and ordering with limited access to emotion regulation strategies. Results indicated that non-acceptance of emotional responses was a significant predictor of checking/doubting, obsessing, mental neutralizing and ordering. These findings revealed that DER, especially non-acceptance of emotional responses, may constitute evidence to improve our understanding of OCD. Keywords Difficulties in emotion regulation . Symptom dimensions . Obsessive-compulsive disorder
Introduction Obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) is categorized by obsessions (persistent and intrusive anxiety-producing thoughts) and compulsions (repeated behaviors to control related anxiety) (American Psychiatric Association 2013). Emotion regulation may explain the psychopathology of OCD (Stern et al. 2014). Cognitive-behavioral models of OCD indicate that dysfunctional beliefs lead individuals to negatively appraise intrusive thoughts, and consequently this appraisal results in increased perceptions of threat and distress (Frost and Steketee 2002; Clark 2004). Individuals use * Vahid Khosravani [email protected] 1
Clinical Research Development Center of Loghman Hakim Hospital, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
2
Department of Psychiatry, Imam Hossein Hospital, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
3
Psychosocial Injuries Research Center, Ilam University of Medical Sciences, Ilam, Iran
4
Social Cognition, University College London, London, UK
neutralization efforts to diminish perceived threat and mitigate distress (Clark 2004). According to Cisler and Olatunji (2012), it is possible that emotion regulation intensifies emotional reactivity in anxiety and related disorders. Based on this demonstration, in OCD context, emotion regulation may influence the degree to which i
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