Digenetic Trematodes

Digenetic trematodes constitute a major helminth group that parasitize humans and animals, and are a major cause of morbidity and mortality. The diseases caused by trematodes have been neglected for years, especially as compared with other parasitic disea

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Rafael Toledo Bernard Fried Editors

Digenetic Trematodes

Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology Editorial Board: IRUN R. COHEN, The Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel ABEL LAJTHA, N.S. Kline Institute for Psychiatric Research, Orangeburg, NY, USA RODOLFO PAOLETTI, University of Milan, Milan, Italy JOHN D. LAMBRIS, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA

For further volumes: http://www.springer.com/series/5584

Rafael Toledo • Bernard Fried Editors

Digenetic Trematodes

Editors Rafael Toledo Departamento de Biología Celular y Parasitología Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad de Valencia Burjassot, Valencia, Spain

Bernard Fried Department of Biology Lafayette College Easton, PA, USA

ISSN 0065-2598 ISSN 2214-8019 (electronic) ISBN 978-1-4939-0914-8 ISBN 978-1-4939-0915-5 (eBook) DOI 10.1007/978-1-4939-0915-5 Springer New York Heidelberg Dordrecht London Library of Congress Control Number: 2014940736 © Springer Science+Business Media New York 2014 This work is subject to copyright. All rights are reserved by the Publisher, whether the whole or part of the material is concerned, specifically the rights of translation, reprinting, reuse of illustrations, recitation, broadcasting, reproduction on microfilms or in any other physical way, and transmission or information storage and retrieval, electronic adaptation, computer software, or by similar or dissimilar methodology now known or hereafter developed. Exempted from this legal reservation are brief excerpts in connection with reviews or scholarly analysis or material supplied specifically for the purpose of being entered and executed on a computer system, for exclusive use by the purchaser of the work. Duplication of this publication or parts thereof is permitted only under the provisions of the Copyright Law of the Publisher’s location, in its current version, and permission for use must always be obtained from Springer. Permissions for use may be obtained through RightsLink at the Copyright Clearance Center. Violations are liable to prosecution under the respective Copyright Law. The use of general descriptive names, registered names, trademarks, service marks, etc. in this publication does not imply, even in the absence of a specific statement, that such names are exempt from the relevant protective laws and regulations and therefore free for general use. While the advice and information in this book are believed to be true and accurate at the date of publication, neither the authors nor the editors nor the publisher can accept any legal responsibility for any errors or omissions that may be made. The publisher makes no warranty, express or implied, with respect to the material contained herein. Printed on acid-free paper Springer is part of Springer Science+Business Media (www.springer.com)

Preface

Digenetic trematodes are a major group of parasites of humans and animals and are distributed worldwide. They have a complex life cycle and require at least two hosts, one of which is usually a mollusk. Over 100 species of digenetic