Digital Privacy PRIME - Privacy and Identity Management for Europe

This book documents the R&D outcome of the PRIME Project, an R&D project partially funded by the European Union’s Sixth Framework Programme and the Swiss Federal Office for Education and Science.  PRIME has focused on privacy-enhancing identi

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Editorial Board David Hutchison Lancaster University, UK Takeo Kanade Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, PA, USA Josef Kittler University of Surrey, Guildford, UK Jon M. Kleinberg Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, USA Alfred Kobsa University of California, Irvine, CA, USA Friedemann Mattern ETH Zurich, Switzerland John C. Mitchell Stanford University, CA, USA Moni Naor Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel Oscar Nierstrasz University of Bern, Switzerland C. Pandu Rangan Indian Institute of Technology, Madras, India Bernhard Steffen TU Dortmund University, Germany Madhu Sudan Microsoft Research, Cambridge, MA, USA Demetri Terzopoulos University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA Doug Tygar University of California, Berkeley, CA, USA Gerhard Weikum Max Planck Institute for Informatics, Saarbruecken, Germany

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Jan Camenisch Ronald Leenes Dieter Sommer (Eds.)

Digital Privacy PRIME – Privacy and Identity Management for Europe

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Volume Editors Jan Camenisch Dieter Sommer IBM Research Säumerstr. 4, 8803 Rüschlikon, Switzerland E-mail: {jca, dso}@zurich.ibm.com Ronald Leenes Universiteit van Tilburg TILT - Centrum voor Recht, Technologie en Samenleving Postbus 90153, 5000 LE Tilburg, The Netherlands E-mail: [email protected]

Photos used for the front page design have been made by Christoph Edelhoff and licensed by PRIME consortium partner Unabhängiges Landeszentrum für Datenschutz Schleswig-Holstein

ISSN 0302-9743 e-ISSN 1611-3349 ISBN 978-3-642-19049-0 e-ISBN 978-3-642-19050-6 DOI 10.1007/978-3-642-19050-6 Springer Heidelberg Dordrecht London New York Library of Congress Control Number: 2011923224 CR Subject Classification (1998): K.4.1, K.4.4, K.6.5, D.4.6, E.3, H.2.0, H.3.5, C.2.0, C.2.4, J.1 LNCS Sublibrary: SL 4 – Security and Cryptology

© Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg 2011 This work is subject to copyright. All rights are reserved, whether the whole or part of the material is concerned, specifically the rights of translation, reprinting, re-use of illustrations, recitation, broadcasting, reproduction on microfilms or in any other way, and storage in data banks. Duplication of this publication or parts thereof is permitted only under the provisions of the German Copyright Law of September 9, 1965, in its current version, and permission for use must always be obtained from Springer. Violations are liable to prosecution under the German Copyright Law. The use of general descriptive names, registered names, trademarks, etc. in this publication does not imply, even in the absence of a specific statement, that such names are exempt from the relevant protective laws and regulations and therefore free for general use. Typesetting: Camera-ready by author, data conversion by Scientific Publishing Services, Chennai, India Printed on acid-free paper Springer is part of Springer Science+Business Media (www.springer.com)

Foreword

During the past decade the digital society has firmly established itself in Europe and in many other parts of the world. Information and communication technology has emerg