Discover potential in a search for time-reversal invariance violation in nuclei
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Discover potential in a search for time-reversal invariance violation in nuclei Vladimir Gudkov · Young-Ho Song
Published online: 24 January 2013 © Springer Science+Business Media Dordrecht 2013
Abstract Time reversal invariance violating (TRIV) effects in low energy physics could be very important in searching for new physics, being complementary to neutron and atomic electric dipole moment (EDM) measurements. In this relation, we discuss a sensitivity of some TRIV observables to different models of timereversal (CP) violation and their dependencies on nuclear structure. As a measure of a sensitivity of TRIV effects to the value of TRIV nucleon coupling constant, we introduce a coefficient of a “discovery potential”, which shows a possible factor for improving the current limits of the EDM experiments by measuring nuclear TRIV effects. Keywords Time reversal invariance violation · Electric dipole moment · Neutron
1 Introduction Time reversal invariance violation (TRIV) in nuclear physics has been studied for several decades. There is a number of TRIV effects in nuclear reactions and nuclear decays, which are sensitive to either CP-odd and P-odd (or T - and P-violating) interactions or T -violating P-conserving (C-odd and P-even) interactions. The important advantage in searching for TRIV in nuclei interactions is the variety of nuclear systems to measure T-violating parameters. This provides assurance that a possible “accidental” cancelation of T-violating effects due to unknown structural factors
This work was supported by the DOE grants no. DE-FG02-09ER41621. The 5th International Symposium on Symmetries in Subatomic Physics (SSP 2012), Groningen, The Netherlands, 18–22 June 2012. V. Gudkov (B) · Y.-H. Song Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC 29208, USA e-mail: [email protected]
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related to the strong interactions in the particular system would be avoided. Taking into account that different models of the CP-violation may contribute differently to a particular T/CP-observable,1 which may have unknown theoretical uncertainties, TRIV nuclear effects could be considered valuable complementary experiments to electric dipole moment (EDM) measurements. Moreover,there is the possibility of an enhancement of T-violating observables by many orders of magnitude due to the complex nuclear structure (see, i.e., paper [1] and references therein).
2 TRIV in neutron scattering One of the promising approaches to the search of TRIV in nuclear reactions is the measurement of TRIV effects in a transmission of polarized neutrons through a polarized target. For the observation of TRIV and parity violating (PV) effects, one can consider effects related to the σ n · (p × I) correlation, where σ n is the neutron spin, I is the target spin, and p is the neutron momentum, which can be observed in the transmission of polarized neutrons through a target with a polarized nuclei. This correlation leads to a difference between the total neutron cross sections [2] σ T P
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