Dynamic behaviors of ferroelectric domain structures in Eu-doped PMN-PT transparent ceramics studied by piezoresponse fo
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Dynamic behaviors of ferroelectric domain structures in Eu-doped PMN-PT transparent ceramics studied by piezoresponse force microscopy Kunyu Zhao1 · Jiangtao Zeng1 · Kunqi Xu1 · Huarong Zeng1 · Guorong Li1 Received: 22 April 2020 / Accepted: 3 August 2020 © Springer Science+Business Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature 2020
Abstract In this paper, we study ferroelectric domain structures, optical properties, as well as domain dynamic performances induced by external in-plane electric field of Eu-doped lead magnesium niobate-lead titanate [Pb(Mg1/3Nb2/3)O3-xPbTiO3 (PMN-PT)] transparent ceramics mainly via piezoresponse force microscopy (PFM). It is found that Eu doping play a significant role on the domain structures and domain switching behavior in PMN-PT transparent ferroelectrics. For some compositions the switching of domain structures exhibit a normal evolutionary trend, while for the compositions with low Eu doping content, unusual anisotropic polarization switching behaviors were obtained in macrodomain regions under in-plane bias in the Eudoped PMN-PT transparent ceramics.
1 Introduction Re l a xo r fe r ro e l e c t r i c s ( 1 – x ) P b ( M g 1 / 3 N b 2 / 3 ) O 3 xPbTiO3(PMN-xPT) have provoked intensively research interests since their outstanding dielectric, piezoelectric and pyroelectric properties were revealed in the past three decades. Due to the extraordinary quadratic electric-optic (EO) properties observed in PMN-PT based transparent ceramics lately, PMN-PT ferroelectrics have also become significantly potential candidates for applications in electro-optic devices or optoelectronics [1–6]. Comparing with traditional transparent ferroelectric materials such as PLZT ceramics and LiNbO3 single crystals, PMN-PT ceramics exhibit larger EO Kerr effect [R = 28 × 10-16 (m/v)2], which was 2–5 times higher than that of PLZT transparent ceramics and almost 100 times that in L iNbO3, meaning that the electric field which was applied to generate the same birefringence for EO devices could be remarkably lower than in PLZT or L iNbO3. Recently, extensive efforts have been devote to probing the * Kunyu Zhao [email protected] * Huarong Zeng [email protected] 1
preparation techniques, the macroscopic properties and the microscopic mechanisms in PMN-PT transparent ceramics including sintering process, ferroelectric, dielectric and EO properties, as well as domain structures. Unique responses in electric field-induced light scattering phenomenon have been explored, along with the optimization of dielectric, ferroelectric and optical properties [7–10]. In spite of those tremendous investigations, microscopic mechanisms for such superior properties in PMN-PT transparent ceramics are still far from clear. Rare-earth (RE) element such as La has been adopt to enhance the electric and EO properties, lots of works have been paid to study the influence of La doping on the ferroelectric, EO properties, as well as domain structures and their dynamic behaviors [11–17]. However, there is a compelling
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